Free Biotechnology MCQs with Answers
731 Biotechnology MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Biotechnology in health care applies biological organisms, cells or enzymes to diagnose and treat disease. The subject includes recombinant DNA, genetically engineered insulin, vaccines, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, while distinguishing therapeutic applications from agricultural and industrial biotechnology.
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- A. Aerobic bacteria
- B. Anaerobic bacteria
- C. Facultative bacteria
- D. Microaerophilic
Explanation: Facultative bacteria can grow when oxygen is present and can also switch to anaerobic metabolism when oxygen is absent.
Correct answer: Facultative bacteria- A. Pencillin
- B. Lovastatin
- C. Cyclosporine
- D. Ergotin
Explanation: Ergotin, an ergot alkaloid preparation, has been used to constrict cranial blood vessels and relieve migraine attacks.
Correct answer: Ergotin- A. Bioremediation
- B. Integrated disease management
- C. Antisepsis
- D. Biological control
Explanation: Biological control means managing or reducing a harmful organism by using another living organism, such as using natural predators against…
Correct answer: Biological control- A. Polymerase chain reaction
- B. Poly carbomyl reaction
- C. Peptide chain reaction
- D. Pentapeptide chain reaction
Explanation: PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction, a laboratory method that repeatedly copies a selected DNA segment using primers, nucleotides and…
Correct answer: Polymerase chain reaction- A. benign
- B. malignant
- C. gentle
- D. nasty
Explanation: Benign tumours are usually localized, remain relatively small and do not invade nearby tissues in the manner of malignant tumours.
Correct answer: benign- A. Gene therapy
- B. Radiotherapy
- C. Chemotherapy
- D. Physiotherapy
Explanation: Gene therapy is a method of treating diseases by altering the genetic material within a person's cells and often involves using bone…
Correct answer: Gene therapy- A. UACTGUUUAGC
- B. TUCTGTTTAGC
- C. TACTGTTTAGC
- D. UACUGUUUAGC
Explanation: The sequence provided is a DNA primer, which means it is composed of DNA bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).
Correct answer: TACTGTTTAGC- A. Risks of appearance of disorders in the baby
- B. Gender of the baby using the ultrasound technique
- C. Benefits of family planning for young parents
- D. Nutritional requirements of a mother and her baby
Explanation: The correct answer is Option A. The role of a genetic counsellor is to assess and communicate the risks of genetic disorders in a baby…
Correct answer: Risks of appearance of disorders in the baby- A. Gel electrophoresis
- B. DNA finger printing
- C. Polymerase chain reaction
- D. Recombinant DNA technology
Explanation: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a method used to amplify DNA sequences, usually visualized with thermocyclers and reagents.
Correct answer: Polymerase chain reaction- A. Karyotyping
- B. Amplification of a gene
- C. Isolation of genes from organism
- D. Synthesis of insulin from bacteria
Explanation: The correct answer is synthesis of insulin from bacteria. The universality of the genetic code means that the same codons code for the…
Correct answer: Synthesis of insulin from bacteria- A. Suspect 1
- B. Suspect 2
- C. Suspect 3
- D. Suspect 4
Explanation: The correct answer is Suspect 3. The DNA fingerprints collected from the crime scene match exactly with the DNA pattern of Suspect 3…
Correct answer: Suspect 3- A. Clone a DNA fragment
- B. Isolate a gene from the bacterium
- C. Detect the presence of mutation in a gene
- D. Search for a certain gene in a genetic library
Explanation: The correct answer is Option D: DNA probes are used to search for a certain gene in a genetic library.
Correct answer: Search for a certain gene in a genetic library- A. Hydrogen at 2nd carbon, which is required for the formation of hydrogen bond
- B. OH group at 3rd carbon, which is required for the formation of phosphodiester bond
- C. Nitrogenous base at 1st carbon, which is required for the formation of hydrogen bond
- D. Phosphate group at 5th carbon, which is required for the formation of phosphodiester bond
Explanation: In Sanger's DNA sequencing method, dideoxyribonucleotides are used to terminate DNA strand elongation.
Correct answer: OH group at 3rd carbon, which is required for the formation of phosphodiester bond- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: The size of a DNA molecule is inversely proportional to the distance it has traveled during electrophoresis.
Correct answer: Option A- A. Cloning
- B. Tissue culture
- C. Gene therapy
- D. Genetic engineering
Explanation: The correct technique used to transfer a gene for resistance to a toxin into a farm animal is Genetic engineering.
Correct answer: Genetic engineering- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: 5'-GCTTGC-3'3'-CGAACG-5' → reverse complement is CGAACG, which is not equal to GCTTGC → Not palindromicSo D is the correct option.
Correct answer: Option D- A. Isolate the gene of interest
- B. Identify the plasmids in bacteria
- C. Synthesise the complementary DNA from mRNA
- D. Facilitate the insertion of foreign DNA into vector
Explanation: Sticky ends have short single-stranded overhangs that can form complementary base pairs with matching ends on another DNA fragment.
Correct answer: Facilitate the insertion of foreign DNA into vector- A. 16
- B. 32
- C. 64
- D. 128
Explanation: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a process that amplifies DNA, doubling the number of molecules with each cycle.
Correct answer: 64- A. IV→III→ II→ I
- B. III→ IV→ I→ II
- C. IV→ II→ III→ I
- D. I→ IV→ III→ II
Explanation: The correct sequence for DNA fingerprinting using the Southern blot test is IV→ II→ III→ I.
Correct answer: IV→ II→ III→ I- A. Activate the Taq polymerase enzyme
- B. Extend the primers to synthesise new strands of DNA
- C. Make single-stranded DNA template for the next step
- D. Allow the binding of primers to their complementary sequences
Explanation: During the annealing step of PCR, the temperature is lowered to approximately 55-65°C to allow primers to bind or anneal to their…
Correct answer: Allow the binding of primers to their complementary sequences