Free Social Change and Development MCQs with Answers

• A. 10,000 to 80,00, B.C.E
• B. 1000 to 8000 B.C.C
• C. 100 to 800 B.C.E
• D. None of these

Explanation: Horticulture and agriculture emerged during the Neolithic transition, broadly around 10,000 to 8,000 BCE.

• A. Agriculture employs machinery but horticulture not
• B. Horticulture employs machinery and other tools
• C. Horticulture only depends on humans for cultivation
• D. a and c bothTry Prep Courses

Explanation: Horticulture generally relies on human labour and simple hand tools, whereas agriculture uses more intensive techniques, including…

• A. All of above
• B. Dense populations
• C. Food surplus and division of labor
• D. cultivation of crops

Explanation: Compared with hunting-and-gathering groups, horticultural societies can support larger populations, food surpluses and a greater division…

• A. agriculture
• B. domesticated livestock
• C. Trade and business
• D. None of theseExplore Farming Tools

Explanation: Pastoralist societies are organised around the herding and use of domesticated animals such as cattle, sheep, goats or camels.

• A. colonialism has largely disappeared
• B. colonialism was for the most part beneficial for poor uncivilized countries
• C. colonialism was inevitable and necessary for human civilization
• D. colonialism is perpetuated to this day by practices known as neo-colonialism

Explanation: Neo-colonialism refers to continuing economic, political, or cultural domination after formal colonial rule has ended.

• A. social amelioration
• B. countermovement
• C. counter modernization
• D. countenance
• E. post modernization

Explanation: A countermovement is an organised response that resists or attempts to reverse the goals of another movement or a process of change.

• A. the service industry
• B. post-modernization
• C. McDonaldization
• D. the culture of commerce
• E. post-industrialization

Explanation: Ritzer used McDonaldization to describe the spread of fast-food principles into social institutions, especially efficiency, calculability…

• A. Bureaucratization
• B. Decline
• C. Coalescence
• D. Incipience
• E. Arousal

Explanation: In the incipient stage, a movement is just emerging from a shared feeling of discontent and has not yet developed strong organisation.

• A. Globalization
• B. Political Process
• C. Postmodernism
• D. Linear Evolutionary
• E. Counter-modernization

Explanation: The political-process approach examines how social movements interact over time with political opportunities, state structures, and wider…

• A. Conventions
• B. Developments
• C. Social movements
• D. Hysterias
• E. Protests

Explanation: Social movements are sustained, organised collective efforts directed toward social change or the defence of existing conditions.

• A. The United States is being restructured from an agrarian to an industrial society
• B. High tech industries are becoming energy-and materials-intensive
• C. Modern societies are increasingly shifting from a national to a global economy
• D. all of the above

Explanation: Futurists identify globalization as a major contemporary shift, with economic activity increasingly organized across national borders…

• A. the resource mobilization approach
• B. the capitalist collapse approach
• C. the deprivation approaches
• D. none of the above

Explanation: The relative deprivation approach argues that revolution can follow a sudden gap between rising expectations and worsening conditions…

• A. Modernization
• B. Evolution
• C. Development
• D. Social change

Explanation: Modernization specifically describes the transition from traditional arrangements to modern industrial, urban and bureaucratic ones.

• A. ethnic groups
• B. classes
• C. nations
• D. religions

Explanation: Marx viewed class conflict, especially between the bourgeoisie and proletariat, as the central force driving historical social change.

• A. refers to new forms of social disintegration
• B. occurs when the dominant group forces change upon the subordinate group which lags behind
• C. is the adjustment gap between material and nonmaterial culture?
• D. is society's way of avoiding the social problems that ensue from social change

Explanation: Cultural lag is the gap created when material culture changes faster than nonmaterial culture, such as laws, values and norms.

• A. Parsons suggested that societies tend become simpler over time
• B. Social Darwinists like Spencer see evolution as inevitably leading to the downfall of society
• C. Contemporary approaches take a unilinear view of evolution and assume all change equals progress
• D. Lenski argues that evolution depends largely on changes in a society's level of technology and made of economic production

Explanation: Gerhard Lenski linked evolutionary change mainly to technological development and the resulting changes in economic production.

• A. social change
• B. diffusion
• C. cultural lag
• D. modernization

Explanation: Social change means fundamental, lasting alterations in cultural patterns, social structures and behaviour over time.

• A. no change
• B. Change
• C. neutrality
• D. None of these

Explanation: Deviance can challenge accepted norms and expose weaknesses in existing institutions, making the deviant an agent of social change.

• A. Function
• B. Change
• C. Constant
• D. None of these

Explanation: Functionalists generally view change as a constant feature of society, although they emphasize gradual adjustment that helps restore…

• A. progress
• B. it's won destruction
• C. next stage
• D. both b and c

Explanation: In Marx's dialectical view, each historical stage contains contradictions that produce its own destruction and prepare the next stage.