All Free Nursing Pharmacology MCQs with Answers

• A. Increasing bronchial secretions
• B. Worsening pinpoint pupils
• C. Dry skin with marked tachycardia
• D. Increasing abdominal cramping

Explanation: Dry skin, tachycardia, dilated pupils and urinary retention suggest excessive antimuscarinic effects from atropine.

• A. Polyvalent antivenom
• B. Atropine injection
• C. Vitamin K injection
• D. Methylene blue infusion

Explanation: Polyvalent antivenom binds and neutralises venom from several medically important snake species.

• A. Deferoxamine
• B. Calcium disodium edetate
• C. Pralidoxime
• D. Protamine sulfate

Explanation: Calcium disodium edetate binds lead and promotes its removal in significant lead poisoning.

• A. Idarucizumab
• B. Phytonadione
• C. Protamine sulfate
• D. Andexanet alfa

Explanation: Idarucizumab is a specific antibody fragment that reverses the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran.

• A. Expected transient drug effects
• B. Evidence of severe digoxin toxicity
• C. A delayed allergic reaction
• D. A sign of permanent heart block

Explanation: Adenosine commonly causes brief flushing, chest discomfort and transient slowing or asystole because its half-life is very short.

• A. Assess and support the airway
• B. Induce vomiting with an emetic
• C. Give activated charcoal by mouth
• D. Offer milk to dilute the toxin

Explanation: Airway assessment and support come first because aspiration can rapidly threaten breathing and life.

• A. Mild dry mouth
• B. A falling serum potassium level
• C. Worsening hypotension and dysrhythmia
• D. Temporary blurred near vision

Explanation: Persistent hypotension or worsening dysrhythmia indicates ongoing life-threatening cardiac toxicity and requires urgent reassessment and…

• A. Slow the infusion and continue observing
• B. Stop the infusion and assess the site
• C. Flush rapidly with normal saline
• D. Apply pressure and restart at the same site

Explanation: Calcium can cause serious tissue injury if it extravasates, so the infusion must be stopped immediately and the site assessed.

• A. Red discoloration of skin and body fluids
• B. Blue discoloration of the lips
• C. Permanent pupil constriction
• D. Severe salivation and diarrhoea

Explanation: Hydroxocobalamin commonly causes red skin and red discoloration of urine and other body fluids, which can interfere with some laboratory…

• A. Intravenous hydrocortisone
• B. Oral fludrocortisone
• C. Intravenous furosemide
• D. Subcutaneous insulin

Explanation: Intravenous hydrocortisone rapidly replaces deficient cortisol and helps restore vascular response during adrenal crisis.

• A. Insulin lispro
• B. Regular insulin
• C. NPH insulin
• D. Insulin glargine

Explanation: Insulin lispro is rapid acting and usually starts working in about 15 minutes, so it is given close to meals.

• A. Mix it with NPH insulin in one syringe
• B. Mix it with regular insulin before injection
• C. Give it separately from other insulin preparations
• D. Shake it vigorously to resuspend the insulin

Explanation: Insulin glargine must be administered separately because mixing can alter its action and stability.

• A. Give 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate
• B. Administer the scheduled dose of insulin
• C. Encourage the patient to walk for ten minutes
• D. Give a high-fat meal and recheck tomorrow

Explanation: The symptoms and glucose level indicate conscious hypoglycaemia, so fast-acting carbohydrate is given first.

• A. It stimulates pancreatic insulin release
• B. It reduces hepatic glucose production
• C. It replaces circulating thyroid hormone
• D. It blocks intestinal fat absorption

Explanation: Metformin primarily decreases glucose production by the liver and improves insulin sensitivity.

• A. I take it with breakfast and milk each morning
• B. I take it on an empty stomach before breakfast
• C. I stop it when my energy level becomes normal
• D. I take it only when I feel symptoms of hypothyroidism

Explanation: Levothyroxine is usually taken consistently on an empty stomach, commonly 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast, to improve absorption.

• A. Advise extra fluids and continue the medicine
• B. Report the symptoms promptly to the prescriber
• C. Give the next dose with an antacid
• D. Reassure the patient that this is an expected effect

Explanation: Fever and sore throat may indicate agranulocytosis, a serious adverse effect of methimazole that requires prompt evaluation and a blood…

• A. Stop the medicine when symptoms improve
• B. Double the dose after missing any tablet
• C. Taper the medicine only as prescribed
• D. Take the medicine only during an infection

Explanation: Long-term corticosteroid therapy suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, so sudden withdrawal can cause adrenal insufficiency.

• A. Increased appetite after the morning dose
• B. Mild facial rounding over several weeks
• C. Fever with a productive cough
• D. Difficulty sleeping after an evening dose

Explanation: Corticosteroids suppress immune and inflammatory responses, so infection may develop with less obvious symptoms and requires prompt…

• A. Take it with milk before going to bed
• B. Take it with plain water and remain upright
• C. Take it with calcium at the same time
• D. Crush it and mix it with fruit juice

Explanation: Alendronate is taken with plain water on an empty stomach, and the patient remains upright to reduce oesophageal irritation and improve…

• A. Advise her to rest and observe the symptoms
• B. Arrange urgent assessment for possible pulmonary embolism
• C. Suggest taking the next tablet with food
• D. Explain that mild breathlessness is expected

Explanation: Combined hormonal contraceptives can increase the risk of venous thromboembolism, and sudden chest pain with shortness of breath may…