All Free Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing MCQs with Answers
Every Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
400 questions · page 18 of 20
- A. Collagen fibres in the periosteum
- B. Mineral salts in the bone matrix
- C. Yellow marrow inside the medullary cavity
- D. Synovial fluid around the bone ends
Explanation: Mineral salts, mainly calcium phosphate, make bone hard and resistant to compression.
Correct answer: Mineral salts in the bone matrix- A. Epiphyseal plate
- B. Medullary cavity
- C. Periosteum
- D. Articular capsule
Explanation: The epiphyseal plate contains cartilage that allows longitudinal growth of a long bone.
Correct answer: Epiphyseal plate- A. Fibrous joint
- B. Cartilaginous joint
- C. Synovial joint
- D. Fixed suture joint
Explanation: Synovial joints have a joint cavity, articular cartilage and synovial fluid, allowing substantial movement.
Correct answer: Synovial joint- A. Hyaline cartilage
- B. Elastic cartilage
- C. Fibrocartilage
- D. Calcified cartilage
Explanation: Fibrocartilage contains strong collagen fibres and resists compression, making it suitable for intervertebral discs.
Correct answer: Fibrocartilage- A. Fascicle
- B. Myofilament
- C. Sarcolemma
- D. Motor end plate
Explanation: A fascicle is a bundle of skeletal muscle fibres surrounded by connective tissue.
Correct answer: Fascicle- A. Involuntary contraction without striations
- B. Voluntary control with visible striations
- C. Branching cells with intercalated discs
- D. Spindle-shaped cells with single nuclei
Explanation: Skeletal muscle is striated and usually under voluntary control. Branching cells with intercalated discs describe cardiac muscle, while…
Correct answer: Voluntary control with visible striations- A. An ankle ligament
- B. The Achilles tendon
- C. The tibial nerve
- D. The articular cartilage
Explanation: An inversion injury commonly stretches or tears the lateral ankle ligaments, causing swelling and joint instability.
Correct answer: An ankle ligament- A. Skeletal muscle
- B. Cardiac muscle
- C. Smooth muscle
- D. Dense connective tissue
Explanation: Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically and involuntarily to pump blood, even though it is striated.
Correct answer: Cardiac muscle- A. Acetylcholinesterase
- B. Troponin
- C. Myosin ATPase
- D. Carbonic anhydrase
Explanation: Acetylcholinesterase rapidly breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, allowing skeletal muscle stimulation to end.
Correct answer: Acetylcholinesterase- A. Muscle hypertrophy
- B. Muscle atrophy
- C. Bone hyperplasia
- D. Joint ankylosis
Explanation: Muscle atrophy is a decrease in muscle size and strength, commonly caused by disuse, immobilisation or certain nerve disorders.
Correct answer: Muscle atrophy- A. Diaphysis
- B. Epiphysis
- C. Metaphysis
- D. Epiphyseal plate
Explanation: The diaphysis is the long central shaft of a long bone. The epiphyses are the enlarged ends, while the metaphysis lies between the shaft…
Correct answer: Diaphysis- A. Synovial membrane
- B. Fibrous capsule
- C. Articular cartilage
- D. Ligament
Explanation: The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and helps nourish the articular cartilage.
Correct answer: Synovial membrane- A. Tendon
- B. Ligament
- C. Meniscus
- D. Bursa
Explanation: A tendon connects a muscle to a bone and helps move and stabilise a joint.
Correct answer: Tendon- A. Sternum
- B. Femur
- C. Patella
- D. Vertebra
Explanation: The sternum is a flat bone that helps protect structures in the chest and provides attachment for ribs.
Correct answer: Sternum- A. Avascular necrosis
- B. Scoliosis
- C. Muscle hypertrophy
- D. Tendon shortening
Explanation: Avascular necrosis occurs when inadequate blood supply causes bone tissue to die, and it is a recognised concern after some femoral neck…
Correct answer: Avascular necrosis- A. Extension
- B. Flexion
- C. Abduction
- D. Rotation
Explanation: Extension increases the angle between bones and straightens a joint. Flexion decreases the angle, while abduction moves a limb away from…
Correct answer: Extension- A. Actin
- B. Myosin
- C. Troponin
- D. Tropomyosin
Explanation: Actin forms the thin filaments, whereas myosin forms the thick filaments.
Correct answer: Actin- A. Weak voluntary muscle contraction
- B. Continuous bone growth
- C. Increased red blood cell production
- D. Excessive synovial fluid formation
Explanation: Acetylcholine must bind to receptors on the muscle fibre to initiate a skeletal muscle action potential.
Correct answer: Weak voluntary muscle contraction- A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
- B. Sarcolemma
- C. T-tubule
- D. Mitochondrion
Explanation: The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases calcium for skeletal muscle contraction.
Correct answer: Sarcoplasmic reticulum- A. It is striated and usually under voluntary control
- B. It is non-striated and controlled by hormones only
- C. It is branched and joined by intercalated discs
- D. It is found only in the walls of hollow organs
Explanation: Skeletal muscle is striated and is generally controlled voluntarily through the somatic nervous system.
Correct answer: It is striated and usually under voluntary control