Free Power Systems MCQs with Answers

• A. thermal plant
• B. diesel plant
• C. hydroelectric plant
• D. none of these

Explanation: Thermal plants generally have high depreciation charges because their equipment operates at high temperatures and pressures and their…

• A. sinking fund method
• B. straight line method
• C. both A. and B.
• D. none of the above

Explanation: Both the straight-line and sinking-fund methods are used to calculate annual depreciation.

• A. load survey method
• B. statistical methods
• C. mathematical method
• D. economic parameters
• E. all of the above

Explanation: Demand can be estimated from consumer load surveys, statistical and mathematical analysis, and economic indicators.

• A. the greatest of all "short time interval averaged" demand during a period
• B. instantaneous maximum value of kVA supplied during a period
• C. both A. or B.
• D. none of the above

Explanation: Maximum demand is the highest average load recorded over a specified short interval during the period.

• A. less number of consumers
• B. more number of consumers
• C. neither A. nor B.
• D. either A. or B.

Explanation: A high diversity factor means consumers reach their individual peaks at different times, so their combined station demand is lower.

• A. Solar power plant
• B. Tidal power plant
• C. Wind power plant
• D. Any of the above

Explanation: Solar, wind, and tidal generation depend on naturally occurring conditions and cannot be dispatched freely whenever demand requires.

• A. Fuel cost
• B. Interest on capital
• C. Depreciation
• D. Insurance charges

Explanation: Fuel expense changes with the amount of energy generated, so it is a running or variable cost.

• A. nuclear power plants
• B. diesel generating plants
• C. steam power stations
• D. None

Explanation: Nuclear fuel contains very high energy per unit mass, so only a small quantity must be transported for large energy production.

• A. Fuel cost
• B. Interest on capital
• C. Insurance charges
• D. Depreciation

Explanation: Fuel cost varies with plant operation and energy generation, making it a variable cost.

• A. Nuclear power plant
• B. Hydro-electric power plants
• C. Thermal power plants
• D. Diesel engine power plants

Explanation: Thermal plants contain boilers, turbines, coal-handling systems and auxiliaries that require frequent servicing, so their maintenance cost…

• A. Maintenance cost
• B. Fuel cost
• C. Salaries of high officials
• D. Salaries of operating staff

Explanation: Fuel, operating-staff salaries and maintenance are directly associated with running a plant.

• A. Little maintenance cost
• B. Ease in installation
• C. Low losses
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Static capacitors have no moving parts, making them easy to install and maintain, and their power losses are small.

• A. Efficient plant operation
• B. Power factor improvement at the , generators
• C. Penalising high load consumers by increasing the charges for electricity
• D. Load shedding

Explanation: When available generation cannot meet demand, selected feeders or consumers are disconnected temporarily to balance the system.

• A. Unskilled workers only
• B. Skilled workers only
• C. Equipment only
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Plant insurance commonly covers equipment and may also include employee injury or workmen-compensation coverage, covering both the plant…

• A. Shares
• B. Fixed deposits
• C. Cash certificates
• D. Bonds

Explanation: Shares represent ownership capital and normally have no fixed repayment date.

• A. Poor voltage regulation
• B. Increased transmission losses
• C. High cost of equipment for a given load
• D. All of the above

Explanation: A low power factor requires higher current for the same useful power, causing greater transmission losses and poorer voltage regulation.

• A. Solar power plants
• B. Gas turbine power plants
• C. Nuclear power plants
• D. Hydro-electric power plants

Explanation: Nuclear plants require highly skilled engineers because reactor control, radiation safety, fuel handling, and complex protection systems…

• A. plant reserve capacity will be zero
• B. diversity factor will be unity
• C. load factor will be unity
• D. load factor will be nearly 60%

Explanation: Reserve capacity equals plant capacity minus maximum demand. If maximum demand reaches the entire plant capacity, no generating capacity…

• A. Soap
• B. Sugar
• C. Vegetable oil
• D. Caustic soda

Explanation: Vegetable-oil production generally consumes the least electrical energy per ton among these industries.

• A. Hot reserve
• B. Cold reserve
• C. Spinning reserve
• D. Firm power

Explanation: Cold reserve consists of generating units that are shut down but maintained in working condition for emergency use.