Free System, Surroundings and State Functions MCQs with Answers

• A. everything in the universe
• B. the container only
• C. the energy of the reaction
• D. the part of the universe under study, separated from the surroundings by a boundary

Explanation: The system is whatever the chemist chooses to study, usually the reacting substances, and everything else is the surroundings, with the…

• A. the path taken to reach the present state
• B. the present state of the system only, not on how it was reached
• C. the time taken for the change
• D. the catalyst used

Explanation: Enthalpy, internal energy, entropy, pressure, volume and temperature are all state functions, so the change in any of them depends only on…

• A. Enthalpy
• B. Internal energy
• C. Work
• D. Temperature

Explanation: The amount of work done in going from one state to another depends on the route taken, for example whether a gas expands quickly or…

• A. No heat enter or leave the system
• B. Pressure of the system remains constant
• C. temperature of the system remains constant
• D. Volume of the system remains unchanged

Explanation: An isothermal process is defined by constant temperature, so the temperature of the system remains unchanged.

• A. Open system
• B. closed system
• C. Isolated system
• D. All of the above

Explanation: A closed system can exchange energy, such as heat or work, with its surroundings but does not exchange matter.

• A. Extensive properties
• B. Colligative properties
• C. intensive properties
• D. None of These

Explanation: An intensive property does not depend on the amount or mass of a substance, for example temperature, pressure and density.

• A. Einstein
• B. Dr.A.Walash
• C. Schwartz
• D. S.E.Manhan

Explanation: Schwartz is credited in this question with using the term concentration window for drawing arbitrary concentration limits or lines of…

• A. Boltzmann
• B. Gibbs
• C. Carnot
• D. Mexwell

Explanation: The ensemble concept in statistical thermodynamics was introduced by J. Willard Gibbs.

• A. 6 feet
• B. 6 meters
• C. 60 feet
• D. 100 cm

Explanation: A fathom is a traditional unit of length used especially for depth in water.

• A. specific heat
• B. thermal capacity
• C. water equivalent
• D. None of the above

Explanation: The heat required to raise the temperature of an entire body by 1 K is its heat capacity, also called thermal capacity, with units J K^-1.

• A. Electrchemistry
• B. Matrix mechanics
• C. Statistical thermodynamics
• D. Soectroscopic analysis

Explanation: Statistical thermodynamics connects microscopic quantum states and molecular energy distributions with macroscopic thermodynamic…

• A. solute
• B. solvent
• C. solution
• D. phase

Explanation: A phase is a homogeneous part of matter with uniform physical and chemical properties and a definite composition.

• A. J
• B. KCaL
• C. Cal
• D. GJ

Explanation: The SI unit of heat is the joule, written J, because heat is a form of energy and the SI unit of energy is the joule.

• A. path of reaction
• B. initial state
• C. final state
• D. initial and final state

Explanation: A state function has a value determined only by the initial and final states, not by the route taken between them.

• A. system
• B. surrounding
• C. phase
• D. state functions

Explanation: Thermodynamic parameters such as pressure, temperature, volume, internal energy and enthalpy are generally state functions, with values…

• A. pressure
• B. temperature
• C. enthalpy
• D. all of the above

Explanation: Pressure, temperature and enthalpy are all state functions because their values depend only on the present state of the system, not on how…

• A. spontaneous process
• B. non-spontaneous process
• C. irreversible process
• D. reversible process

Explanation: Water does not move uphill by itself because increasing gravitational potential energy requires energy supplied from outside, so pumping…

• A. environment
• B. surrounding
• C. state function
• D. enthalpy

Explanation: A state function is a property whose change depends only on the initial and final states, so the path of the process does not affect its…

• A. State function
• B. phase
• C. surrounding
• D. state

Explanation: The surroundings are everything outside the system that can exchange energy or matter with it.

• A. Internal energy
• B. Enthalpy
• C. Gibbs free energy
• D. Work

Explanation: Internal energy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy depend only on the state of the system, so they are state functions.