Free System, Surroundings and State Functions MCQs with Answers
46 System, Surroundings and State Functions MCQs from Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
A system is the part of the universe under study, while everything outside it is the surroundings; the boundary separates them. State functions such as pressure, temperature, volume, internal energy and enthalpy depend only on the state, unlike heat and work, which depend on the path taken.
Last updated
46 questions · page 2 of 3
- A. the internal energy changes in all processes
- B. internal energy and entropy are state functions
- C. the change in entropy can never be 0
- D. the work done an adiabatic process is always 0
Explanation: This statement is generally true. State functions depend only on the current state of a system (its thermodynamic state), not on the path…
Correct answer: internal energy and entropy are state functions- A. Entropy
- B. Internal energy
- C. Volume
- D. Density
Explanation: Density is not a state variable of thermodynamics because it depends on both the state variables of volume and mass.
Correct answer: Density- A. Amount of heat added to the system
- B. Amount of heat rejected from the system
- C. The temperature of the substance
- D. Amount of the substance
Explanation: The change in entropy is defined as ΔS = ΔQ/T, where ΔQ is the heat transfer and T is the temperature.
Correct answer: Amount of the substance- A. Decreases
- B. Increases
- C. Remains the same
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: The energy of the universe increases because energy never flows uphill spontaneously.
Correct answer: Increases- A. Boiling point
- B. Molarity
- C. Freezing point
- D. All of the above
Explanation: An intensive property does not change with the size or amount of the sample; it is inherent to the substance itself.
Correct answer: All of the above- A. Double of the original value
- B. Half of the original value
- C. Remain the same as the original value
- D. One-fourth of the original value
- E. Heat of formation
Explanation: Thermodynamic properties can be divided into two general classes, intensive and extensive properties.
Correct answer: Half of the original value- A. Temperature
- B. Volume
- C. Quantity
- D. Pressure
Explanation: Mass and volume are examples of extensive properties. An intensive property is a property of matter that depends only on the type of…
Correct answer: Quantity- A. oiling point
- B. Molarity
- C. Freezing point
- D. All
Explanation: An extensive property of a system is that property which depends upon the amount of the substance or substances e.g.
Correct answer: All- A. Tf > Ti for reversible process but Tf = Ti for irreversible process.
- B. (Tf)reversible = (Tf)irreversible
- C. Tf = Ti for both reversible and irreversible processes
- D. (Tf)irreversible > (Tf)reversible
Explanation: During the irreversible expansion of an ideal gas in an isolated system (free expansion), the temperature decreases.
Correct answer: (Tf)irreversible > (Tf)reversible- A. System
- B. Surroundings
- C. Boundary
- D. None of these options are correct
Explanation: The substance within the cylinder is the system and cylinder itself, piston and everything outside the cylinder is a part of the…
Correct answer: Surroundings- A. Amount of heat added to the system
- B. Amount of heat rejected from the system
- C. Temperature of the substance
- D. Amount of the substance
Explanation: Enthalpy change is a state function so it does not depend on the path taken by the reaction.
Correct answer: Amount of the substance- A. 4.18 J/g/0C
- B. 9.82 J/g/0C
- C. 6.04 J/g/0C
- D. 8.47 J/g/0C
Explanation: Water's specific heat power is 4.2 joules per gram per Celsius degree or 1 calorie per gram per Celsius degree.
Correct answer: 4.18 J/g/0C- A. 4.184J
- B. 4.184 kJ
- C. 0.4184J
- D. 0.4184kJ
Explanation: Since 1925 this calorie has been defined in terms of the joule, the definition since 1948 being that one calorie is equal to approximately…
Correct answer: 4.184J- A. Pressure (P)
- B. Work(W)
- C. Volume (V)
- D. Temperature (T)
Explanation: Work is not an state function. It is a pathway function
Correct answer: Work(W)- A. Surrounding
- B. System
- C. Confined space
- D. None of these options are correct
Explanation: In chemistry, the term "surroundings" refers to everything outside of the system being studied.
Correct answer: System- A. Initial conditions
- B. Final conditions
- C. Initial and final conditions
- D. Path of the reaction
Explanation: The change in volume of a system depends on either its pressure or temperature.
Correct answer: Initial and final conditions- A. Surrounding from the environment
- B. Reactants from contamination
- C. System from surrounding
- D. Products from surrounding
Explanation: The real or imaginary surface separating the 'system from the surrounding' is called the boundary.
Correct answer: System from surrounding- A. Water
- B. Cup
- C. Whole table
- D. All of these
Explanation: In the given situation, if the focus is on the water in the cup, then the system would be the water itself.
Correct answer: Water- A. System
- B. Surroundings
- C. Boundary
- D. None of these are correct
Explanation: A piston in a cylinder is part of the surrounding.
Correct answer: Surroundings- A. Analyte
- B. System
- C. Surrounding
- D. Boundary
Explanation: In thermodynamics, a system refers to the part of the universe that is being studied or analyzed.
Correct answer: System