Free s-Block and p-Block Elements MCQs with Answers
1,359 s-Block and p-Block Elements MCQs from Chemistry, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
The s and p blocks are studied through their valence-shell configurations, periodic trends and characteristic chemical properties. Work covers the reactions of Group I and Group II elements, the behaviour of Group IV elements, and how atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity and metallic character change across periods and down groups.
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- A. decreases, because nuclear charge increases while electrons enter the same shell
- B. increases, because more electrons are added
- C. stays the same
- D. increases, because the nuclear charge decreases
Explanation: Each successive element adds one proton and one electron, but the electron enters the same outermost shell, so shielding hardly changes…
Correct answer: decreases, because nuclear charge increases while electrons enter the same shell- A. add one electron to a gaseous atom
- B. remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms, forming gaseous unipositive ions
- C. break one mole of covalent bonds
- D. convert one mole of a solid into a gas
Explanation: The definition specifies the gaseous state so that no lattice or intermolecular forces interfere, and it is always endothermic because an…
Correct answer: remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms, forming gaseous unipositive ions- A. Oxygen
- B. Chlorine
- C. Fluorine
- D. Nitrogen
Explanation: Fluorine is the most electronegative element on the Pauling scale at 4.0, because it is small and has a high effective nuclear charge, so…
Correct answer: Fluorine- A. decreases, because atomic radius increases
- B. stays constant
- C. decreases, because ionisation energy falls
- D. increases, because the outer electron is further from the nucleus and more easily lost
Explanation: Each element down the group has an extra shell, so the single outer electron is further from the nucleus and better shielded, ionisation…
Correct answer: increases, because the outer electron is further from the nucleus and more easily lost- A. are found free in nature
- B. react with water to form hydroxides that are strongly basic
- C. are all radioactive
- D. form acidic oxides
Explanation: Sodium and its neighbours react with water to give hydrogen and a hydroxide solution that is strongly alkaline, which is the origin of the…
Correct answer: react with water to form hydroxides that are strongly basic- A. sodium oxide, Na2O
- B. sodium superoxide, NaO2
- C. sodium peroxide, Na2O2
- D. sodium hydroxide, NaOH
Explanation: Lithium forms the simple oxide, sodium forms mainly the peroxide and potassium, rubidium and caesium form superoxides, the larger cations…
Correct answer: sodium peroxide, Na2O2- A. less reactive, with higher melting points and harder solids
- B. more reactive in every case
- C. non metallic in character
- D. monovalent in their compounds
Explanation: Group II atoms are smaller and must lose two electrons rather than one, so more energy is needed and they are less reactive than their…
Correct answer: less reactive, with higher melting points and harder solids- A. decreases down the group
- B. is the same for all
- C. increases down the group
- D. first increases then decreases
Explanation: A small, highly charged cation polarises the carbonate ion strongly and weakens the carbon to oxygen bonds, so magnesium carbonate…
Correct answer: increases down the group- A. Barium sulphate
- B. Magnesium hydroxide
- C. Calcium carbide
- D. Beryllium chloride
Explanation: Magnesium hydroxide, sold as milk of magnesia, is a weak insoluble base that neutralises excess stomach acid without being absorbed in…
Correct answer: Magnesium hydroxide- A. metallic carbon to non metallic lead
- B. non metallic carbon through metalloid silicon and germanium to metallic tin and lead
- C. entirely metallic throughout
- D. entirely non metallic throughout
Explanation: Carbon is a non metal, silicon and germanium are metalloids used as semiconductors, and tin and lead are true metals, so group IV shows…
Correct answer: non metallic carbon through metalloid silicon and germanium to metallic tin and lead- A. decreases down the group
- B. is the same throughout
- C. is zero for all members
- D. increases down the group, so lead two compounds are more stable than lead four
Explanation: This is the inert pair effect: the two s electrons of the outer shell become progressively harder to involve in bonding as the group is…
Correct answer: increases down the group, so lead two compounds are more stable than lead four- A. the number of shells it has
- B. its atomic mass
- C. the subshell that receives the last electron added
- D. whether it is a metal or a non metal
Explanation: Elements are assigned to the s, p, d or f block according to the subshell into which the differentiating electron enters, so groups I and…
Correct answer: the subshell that receives the last electron added- A. group VI of the p block, period 3
- B. group IV of the p block, period 3
- C. group II of the s block, period 3
- D. group VI of the d block, period 4
Explanation: The outermost shell is the third, giving period 3, and it contains six electrons in total across 3s and 3p, giving group VI, while the…
Correct answer: group VI of the p block, period 3- A. decreases, because atomic size increases
- B. increases, because the atoms get smaller and the nuclear charge increases
- C. remains constant
- D. decreases, because shielding increases sharply
Explanation: A greater nuclear charge acting on a shell at nearly constant distance holds the outer electrons more tightly, so more energy is needed to…
Correct answer: increases, because the atoms get smaller and the nuclear charge increases- A. acidic through amphoteric to basic
- B. acidic to neutral only
- C. basic through amphoteric to acidic
- D. neutral to basic
Explanation: Sodium and magnesium oxides are basic, aluminium oxide is amphoteric and reacts with both acids and alkalis, and the oxides of phosphorus…
Correct answer: basic through amphoteric to acidic- A. sodium
- B. magnesium
- C. beryllium
- D. aluminium
Explanation: Lithium resembles magnesium because their ions have similar size to charge ratios, so both form nitrides directly with nitrogen, both give…
Correct answer: magnesium- A. calcium oxide and hydrogen
- B. calcium hydride and oxygen
- C. calcium hydroxide and hydrogen
- D. calcium carbonate and hydrogen
Explanation: Calcium reacts steadily with cold water to give a suspension of slightly soluble calcium hydroxide, known as limewater when filtered…
Correct answer: calcium hydroxide and hydrogen- A. golden yellow
- B. brick red
- C. apple green
- D. lilac
Explanation: Heating excites the outer electron to a higher level and the colour is emitted as it falls back, the energy gap being characteristic of…
Correct answer: lilac- A. First ionisation energy
- B. Electronegativity
- C. Solubility of the hydroxides in water
- D. Melting point of the metal
Explanation: Hydroxide solubility rises down the group, so magnesium hydroxide is only sparingly soluble while barium hydroxide dissolves appreciably…
Correct answer: Solubility of the hydroxides in water- A. is small, has no available d orbitals and forms strong multiple bonds with itself
- B. has a much larger atomic radius
- C. is a metal
- D. has a full outer shell
Explanation: Its small size lets carbon form stable double and triple bonds and catenate into long chains, which is the basis of the whole of organic…
Correct answer: is small, has no available d orbitals and forms strong multiple bonds with itselfs-Block and p-Block Elements MCQs: common questions
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