Free Chromosomes MCQs with Answers
633 Chromosomes MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Chromosomes are DNA-protein structures that carry genes and become visible during cell division. Coverage includes chromatin, centromeres, sister chromatids, homologous chromosomes, chromosome number, and the distinction between diploid and haploid cells, with links to DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis.
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633 questions · page 23 of 32
- A. Termination
- B. Initiation
- C. Elongation
- D. Transcription
Explanation: Transcription is the mechanism of copying the message of DNA into RNA with the help of the enzyme RNA polymerase.
Correct answer: Transcription- A. H 1, H 2 A, H 2 B and H 3
- B. H 1, H 2 A, H 2 B, H 4
- C. H 1, H 2 A, H 2 B, H 3 and H 4
- D. H 2 A, H 2 B, H 3 and H 4
Explanation: The Nucleosome core or histone octamer is made up of two subunits, each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Correct answer: H 2 A, H 2 B, H 3 and H 4- A. Overlapping
- B. Wobbling
- C. Degenerate
- D. Generate
Explanation: Certain amino acids are identified by more than one codon. Some amino acids are encoded by up to four codons, and amino acids, arginine…
Correct answer: Degenerate- A. Ribosome synthesis
- B. Protein synthesis
- C. DNA synthesis
- D. RNA synthesis
Explanation: The process of translation is protein synthesis. Emil Fischer, a German chemist, established that proteins are polymers of amino acids.
Correct answer: Protein synthesis- A. Single stranded
- B. Double stranded
- C. Triple stranded
- D. Four stranded
Explanation: A DNA with unequal nitrogen bases would most probably be single-stranded.
Correct answer: Single stranded- A. X-ray crystallography
- B. Electron microscope
- C. Ultracentrifuge
- D. Light microscope
Explanation: Nucleotide arrangement in DNA can be seen by Xray crystallography. Watson and Crick, in 1953, proposed the double-helical model for DNA.
Correct answer: X-ray crystallography- A. Escherichia coli
- B. Neurospora crassa
- C. Pneumococcus
- D. Drosophila melanogaster
Explanation: The experimental material in the study of DNA replication has been Escherichia coli. E.
Correct answer: Escherichia coli- A. Transversion
- B. Transcription
- C. Translation
- D. Translocation
Explanation: The process in living cells in which the genetic information of DNA is transferred to a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA) is the first step…
Correct answer: Transcription- A. Endosome
- B. Nucleosome
- C. Mesosome
- D. Centrosome
Explanation: An octamer of 4 histones complexed with DNA forms a nucleosome. The association of histones with DNA is very characteristic.
Correct answer: Nucleosome450. DNA molecule is a:
- A. Monomer
- B. Dual polymer
- C. Single polymer
- D. Non-polymer
Explanation: DNA is a polymer made from four different monomers, called nucleotides.
Correct answer: Dual polymer- A. 240 million
- B. 150 million
- C. 140 million
- D. 160 million
Explanation: A typical human chromosome contains 1.4x108 nucleotides in its DNA. The amount of information one chromosome contains would fill about 280…
Correct answer: 140 million452. Euchromatin is _:
- A. The condensed part of a chromosome
- B. In a closed configuration
- C. Never condensed
- D. In an open configuration
Explanation: Heterochromatin and euchromatin are 2 types of chromatin. The key difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin is the packaging.
Correct answer: In an open configuration- A. Genetic information
- B. Yolk
- C. Cytoplasm
- D. Organelles
Explanation: Gametes are haploid and have a half set of chromosomes. During fertilization egg and sperm with an equal number of chromosomes fuse to…
Correct answer: Genetic information- A. DNA polymerase I
- B. DNA polymerase III
- C. DNA polymerase II
- D. DNA Ligase
Explanation: DNA polymerase III is the main replicating enzyme. It has two subunits.
Correct answer: DNA polymerase III- A. Towards replication fork
- B. Towards another DNA molecule
- C. Away from replication fork
- D. Towards other strand of DNA molecule
Explanation: Overall, the process of replication is always towards the replication fork.
Correct answer: Away from replication fork- A. Two heavy strands having N15
- B. Two light Strands having N14
- C. Hybrid possessing heavy and light each
- D. Not specified
Explanation: In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, after the first round of DNA replication, each daughter DNA duplex consists of a hybrid DNA molecule…
Correct answer: Hybrid possessing heavy and light each457. Separation of variable DNA strands in Meselson-Stahl experiments is achieved due to variability in:
- A. Pentose sugars
- B. Bonding
- C. Phosphate groups
- D. Bases
Explanation: In Meselson-Stahl's experiment, radioactive isotopes of nitrogen were used.
Correct answer: Bases- A. Parent strand
- B. Lagging strand
- C. Leading strand
- D. None of these
Explanation: The leading strand is the strand of nascent DNA which is synthesised in the same direction as the growing replication fork.
Correct answer: Leading strand- A. 10-20 nucleotides
- B. 1000-2000 nucleotides
- C. 100-200 nucleotide
- D. Variable
Explanation: Okazaki fragments are DNA nucleotides sequence synthesized by DNA polymerase III during the replication of the lagging strand variable…
Correct answer: 1000-2000 nucleotides- A. DNA proof-reading
- B. DNA repair
- C. Unwinding
- D. Annealing
Explanation: DNA polymerase enzyme has three types: DNA polymerase-I is involved in proof-reading activities.
Correct answer: DNA repair