Free Chromosomes MCQs with Answers
633 Chromosomes MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Chromosomes are DNA-protein structures that carry genes and become visible during cell division. Coverage includes chromatin, centromeres, sister chromatids, homologous chromosomes, chromosome number, and the distinction between diploid and haploid cells, with links to DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis.
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633 questions · page 24 of 32
- A. Codon
- B. Triplet code
- C. Anticodon
- D. Gene
Explanation: Genes are fundamental units of heredity, made of DNA, that carry instructions for building and operating living organisms, determining…
Correct answer: Gene- A. mRNA
- B. rRNA
- C. tRNA
- D. DNA
Explanation: During translation, the site where polypeptides (proteins) are assembled is provided by rRNA (ribosomal RNA).
Correct answer: rRNA- A. Promoter
- B. Initiation complex
- C. Aminoacyl-tRNA
- D. Polysome
Explanation: In prokaryotes, polypeptide synthesis begins with the formation of the initiation complex.
Correct answer: Initiation complex- A. Polymerase
- B. Elongation factor
- C. Initiation factor
- D. Release factor
Explanation: The translocation of ribosomes on mRNA during translation occurs due to elongation factors, not initiation factors, release factors, or…
Correct answer: Elongation factor- A. Condensation
- B. Polymerisation
- C. Replication
- D. Transcription
Explanation: DNA replication is the process by which a ds-DNA molecule is copied to produce two daughter DNA molecules.
Correct answer: Replication- A. Restriction endonuclease
- B. Primase
- C. DNA helicase
- D. DNA Ligase
Explanation: The enzyme that attaches the Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand during DNA replication is called DNA ligase.
Correct answer: DNA Ligase- A. One place only without any specific sequence of DNA
- B. One or more places without any specific sequence of DNA
- C. Any place with the uncoiling of two strands of DNA
- D. One or more places where there is a specific sequence of nucleotides
Explanation: The process of DNA replication begins at one or more places where there is a specific sequence of nucleotides.
Correct answer: One or more places where there is a specific sequence of nucleotides- A. DNA polymerase
- B. RNA polymerase
- C. DNA ligase
- D. Helicase
Explanation: The formation of a new strand of DNA from a template strand is the function of DNA polymerase.
Correct answer: DNA polymerase- A. Conservative idea
- B. Dispersive idea
- C. Disruptive idea
- D. Semi-conservative idea
Explanation: The above context is about the dispersive model of DNA replication. In the dispersive model, it was proposed that parental DNA strands…
Correct answer: Dispersive idea- A. 50% hybrid duplex and 50% light duplex
- B. 60% hybrid duplex and 40% heavy duplex
- C. 100% heavy duplex
- D. 100% hybrid duplex
Explanation: When Meselson and Stahl conducted their famous experiment, they used bacteria grown in a heavy isotope of nitrogen (N-15) medium, and then…
Correct answer: 50% hybrid duplex and 50% light duplex- A. 331
- B. 993
- C. 93
- D. 330
Explanation: To determine the number of amino acids in the polypeptide chain encoded by the mRNA sequence, divide the total number of nucleotides by 3…
Correct answer: 330- A. Telocentric
- B. Sub-metacentric
- C. Metacentric
- D. Acrocentric
Explanation: Chromosomes are classified according to the position of the centromere.
Correct answer: Acrocentric473. At the beginning of translation, a tRNA molecule carrying a chemically modified _ binds to the _:
- A. Methionine, Small ribosomal subunit
- B. Methionine, Large ribosomal subunit
- C. Tyrosine, Large ribosomal subunit
- D. Tyrosine, Small ribosomal subunit
Explanation: In prokaryotes polypeptides synthesis begins with the formation of the initiation complex.
Correct answer: Methionine, Small ribosomal subunit- A. Aminoacyl site
- B. Exit site
- C. Peptyidyl site
- D. A-site
Explanation: 'E' site is the exit site where empty tRNAs will exit the chromosome. Option B is correct because the site of the ribosome where empty…
Correct answer: Exit site- A. Elongation factor
- B. Release factor
- C. Initiation factor
- D. tRNA synthetase
Explanation: Initiation factors are proteins that bind to the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation, a part of protein…
Correct answer: Initiation factor- A. mRNA, Anticodon
- B. mRNA, codon
- C. tRNA, Anticodon
- D. tRNA, codon
Explanation: After the formation of the initiation complex, the large ribosomal subunit binds the tRNA molecule with the appropriate anticodon.
Correct answer: tRNA, Anticodon- A. mRNA codon, A-site
- B. mRNA codon, P-site
- C. rRNA, A-site
- D. rRNA, P-Site
Explanation: Elongation factors are sets of proteins that are used in protein synthesis in the process of the cell cycle and elongation in some cells.
Correct answer: mRNA codon, A-site- A. A
- B. P
- C. U
- D. E
Explanation: The movement of ribosomes along the mRNA molecule in the 5' → 3' direction translocates the initial tRNA to the E site and ejects it from…
Correct answer: E- A. Initiation
- B. Start
- C. Non-sense
- D. Anti-sense
Explanation: The nonsense codon, also called stop or termination codons, does not encode any genetic information (amino acid), thus they are not…
Correct answer: Non-sense- A. Copy, mould
- B. Cast, mould
- C. Model, mould
- D. Model, Copy
Explanation: In semi-conservative replication, each original strand of the DNA duplex serves as a model for the synthesis of a complementary strand…
Correct answer: Model, mould