Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 93 of 124
- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: A deletion, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation that involves the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA An…
Correct answer: Option C1842. In sexual reproduction, sex cells contain _ chromosomes when compared to other cells of the body
- A. same
- B. half
- C. double
- D. all of the above
Explanation: The sex cells are formed as a result of meiosis(reduction division) which causes the original normal chromosome number of the cell (2n) to…
Correct answer: half- A. A and B are purines, and C, D, and E are pyrimidines.
- B. D and B are purines, and C, A, and E are pyrimidines
- C. A and E are purines, and C, D, and B are pyrimidines.
- D. A and C are purines, and B, D, and E are pyrimidines.
Explanation: Purines are those bases that are double-ringed. Pyrimidines have a single ring.
Correct answer: A and C are purines, and B, D, and E are pyrimidines.- A. 200 - 4
- B. 200 - 8
- C. 200 - 16
- D. 200 - 40
Explanation: A strand of 200 nucleotides long are wrapped twice around a core of eight histone proteins to form a structure called a nucleosome.
Correct answer: 200 - 8- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
- D. D
Explanation: This picture has all requirements (tRNA,mRNA, and ribosome) for the protein synthesis (translation) to happen except RNA polymerase, which…
Correct answer: C- A. Restriction enzyme
- B. Reverse transcriptase.
- C. RNA polymerase
- D. DNA polymerase
Explanation: RNA polymerase carries out the function to copy the DNA sequence into an RNA sequence.A restriction enzyme is used to cleave the DNA at…
Correct answer: RNA polymerase- A. UAA-AUG-CAA-CUU-AUU
- B. AUG-CAA-CUU-AUU-UAA
- C. AUU-AUG.CAA.CUU-UAA
- D. AUG-UAA -CUU-AUU.CAA
Explanation: AUG-CAA-CUU-AUU-UAA is most appropriate because it starts with a start codon and ends with a stop codon while having CUU and AUU at third…
Correct answer: AUG-CAA-CUU-AUU-UAA- A. Primary structure is conserved, and secondary structure is disturbed
- B. Secondary structure is conserved, and the primary structure is disrupted
- C. both the primary and secondary structures are conserved
- D. Both the primary and secondary structures are disrupted
Explanation: In semi conservative replication, the original molecule is unzipped; each strand of the duplex becomes a part of another duplex.
Correct answer: Primary structure is conserved, and secondary structure is disturbed- A. Metacentric
- B. Submetacentric
- C. Telocentric
- D. Acrocentric
Explanation: A chromosome where the centromere is not central and is instead located near the end of the chromosome.
Correct answer: Acrocentric- A. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA.
- B. A gene is the basic unit of heredity.
- C. A gene codes for a molecule that has a function.
- D. A gene expresses to form chromosomes.
Explanation: All statements except D are correct. Genes do not express themselves to form chromosomes.
Correct answer: A gene expresses to form chromosomes.- A. Allele and allele
- B. Allele and gene
- C. Gene and gene
- D. Mutation and gene
Explanation: These are alleles for purple and white flowers. It can be confused as genes sometimes which is wrong because here we can see the two forms…
Correct answer: Allele and allele- A. Chromatin
- B. chromatids
- C. centromere
- D. polar dyes
Explanation: A chromatid is one of two identical halves of a replicated chromosome. During cell division, the chromosomes first replicate so that each…
Correct answer: chromatids- A. 120
- B. 240
- C. 40
- D. 160
Explanation: If an animal cell has 80 chromosomes in its gametes, it would have double that number in its somatic cells (body cells).
Correct answer: 160- A. 3000
- B. 4000
- C. 2500
- D. 3500
Explanation: In humans the telomere sequence is TTAGGG. This sequence is usually repeated about 3,000 times and can reach up to 15,000 base pairs in…
Correct answer: 3000- A. Pseudoautosomal
- B. Sex linked
- C. Both a & b
- D. None of the above
Explanation: X-linked, as related to genetics, refers to characteristics or traits that are influenced by genes on the X chromosome.
Correct answer: Sex linked- A. DNA from mRNA
- B. An artificial DNA
- C. Single stranded DNA
- D. A small segment of chromosomal DNA
Explanation: A complementary DNA molecule or cDNA is, by definition, a DNA copy of a messenger RNA or mRNA molecule, produced by reverse transcriptase.
Correct answer: DNA from mRNA- A. 100% heavy duplex
- B. 100% hybrid duplex
- C. 50% hybrid duplex and 50% heavy duplex
- D. 50% hybrid duplex and 50% light duplex
Explanation: After two rounds of replication, half of the duplexes will be hybrid i.e.
Correct answer: 50% hybrid duplex and 50% light duplex- A. GGGAUCUC
- B. GGGATCTC
- C. GGAAUCUC
- D. GGGGTCTC
Explanation: C pairs with G, A pairs with T in DNA while A pairs with U in RNA. The question asks for the corresponding mRNA sequence, after…
Correct answer: GGGAUCUC- A. Adenosine
- B. NAD
- C. ATP
- D. Guanine
Explanation: ATP is a nucleotide, as it contains a pentose sugar, an adenine base, and three phosphate groups.
Correct answer: ATP- A. Adenine, Guanine, and Cytosine
- B. Guanine and Cytosine
- C. Adenine and Guanine
- D. Adenine and Thymine
Explanation: Purine bases are adenine and guanine, while pyrimidine bases are thymine, cytosine, and uracil.
Correct answer: Adenine and Guanine