Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 61 of 124
- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Mitochondrion
- C. Cytoplasm
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: The correct answer is Cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the main area of various cellular activities because it houses the organelles and…
Correct answer: Cytoplasm- A. Nucleus only
- B. Nucleus & nucleolus only
- C. Nucleolus only
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The nucleolus, found within the nucleus, is the specific structure responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the assembly…
Correct answer: Nucleolus only- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Protein
- C. Lipid
- D. Water
Explanation: The percentage of water in both bacterial and mammalian cell is 70%.Hence, this option is correct.
Correct answer: Water- A. Ribosomes
- B. Golgi Apparatus
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Chloroplasts
Explanation: On the cristae of mitochondria are located enzymes and coenzymes by means of which carbohydrates (starch), fatty acids (lipids), and amino…
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Adhesible
- B. Permeable
- C. Impermeable
- D. Semipermeable
Explanation: The plasma membrane performs several functions but the main and the most important functions are protection of cell cytoplasm to regulate…
Correct answer: Semipermeable- A. Lock and key Model
- B. Induced fit model
- C. Fluid mosaic model
- D. Sandwich model
Explanation: Fluid mosaic model: According to the fluid mosaic model, the lipid bilayer is retained as the core of the membrane.
Correct answer: Fluid mosaic model- A. Protein synthesis
- B. Processing & packaging
- C. Intracellular digestion
- D. Lipid synthesis
Explanation: Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down cellular waste, damaged organelles, and macromolecules.
Correct answer: Intracellular digestion- A. Mitochondria
- B. Golgi bodies
- C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Mitochondria are responsible for fatty acid metabolism while steroid biosynthesis takes place in SER.
Correct answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Glyoxysomes
- B. Microbodies
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Peroxisomes
Explanation: Lysosomes are most abundant in those cells which are specialized for phagocytic activities, for example WBCs
Correct answer: Lysosomes1210. Interior of chloroplast is divided into heterogeneous structure, embedded in the matrix known as:
- A. Grana
- B. Stroma
- C. Thylakoids
- D. Cisternae
Explanation: Thylakoids are flattened vesicles which arrange themselves in the form of grana and inter-granum. Grana are piled up in the form of coins.
Correct answer: Grana- A. Phospholipids only
- B. Lipids and proteins
- C. Lipids and carbohydrates
- D. Glycoproteins
Explanation: Plasma membrane is made up 60-80 % of proteins, 20-40 % of lipids and very small amounts of carbohydrates.
Correct answer: Lipids and proteins1212. Endoplasmic reticulum contains a system of flattened membrane-bounded sacs which are named as:
- A. Cristae
- B. Marks
- C. Cisternae
- D. Tubules
Explanation: Material in Endoplasmic reticulum is separated from the cytoplasmic materials by the spherical or tubular membranes, called cisternae.
Correct answer: Cisternae- A. Mitochondria
- B. Lysosome
- C. Plastids
- D. Ribosome
Explanation: Mitochondria are powerhouses of a cell. Aerobic cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria.
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Cisternae
- B. Cristae
- C. Lemma
- D. Tonoplast
Explanation: Cristae are folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Correct answer: Cristae- A. Active transport
- B. Passive transport
- C. Osmosis
- D. Diffusion
Explanation: Active transport is a type of transmembrane transport that moves molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient.
Correct answer: Active transport- A. Cell wall
- B. Golgi
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Nucleoid
Explanation: The cell walls of prokaryotes have a unique macromolecule called peptidoglycan. Its amount varies in different types of bacteria.
Correct answer: Cell wall- A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- B. None of these
- C. Both of these
- D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Outer nuclear membrane is continuous with rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct answer: Rough endoplasmic reticulum1218. What is the microscope's ability to distinguish between separate objects that are close together?
- A. Magnification
- B. Contrast
- C. Resolving power
- D. Scanning power
Explanation: Resolving power or resolution is the ability to distinguish objects that are close together.
Correct answer: Resolving power- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Nucleoplasm
- C. Protoplasm
- D. Protoplast
Explanation: The nucleoplasm is a type of protoplasm that makes up the cell nucleus, the most prominent organelle of the eukaryotic cell.
Correct answer: Nucleoplasm1220. Enzymes involved in protein synthesis are most likely to be associated with which cell organelle?
- A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Golgi complex
- C. Ribosomes
- D. All of the above options are correct
Explanation: This statement is true. All the options listed (rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex, and ribosomes) are involved in protein…
Correct answer: All of the above options are correct