Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 62 of 124
- A. 1 mm
- B. 2 dm
- C. 0.1 mm
- D. 1 dm
Explanation: Human eye can differentiate between two points that are 1 mm away. When distance is less than 1 mm, naked human eye cannot differentiate…
Correct answer: 1 mm- A. Synthesis of intracellular proteins
- B. Synthesis of extracellular proteins
- C. Synthesis of extracellular enzymes
- D. Synthesis of lipids
Explanation: Option D is correct . SER is responsible for lipid metabolism.
Correct answer: Synthesis of lipids- A. Pinocytosis
- B. Endocytosis
- C. Autophagy
- D. Cytotoxicity
Explanation: Autophagy is known as self-digestion, hydrolytic enzymes in lysosomes are responsible for it.
Correct answer: Autophagy- A. Viral fever
- B. Common cold
- C. Asthma
- D. Malaria
Explanation: Glycophorins are heavily glycosylated sialoglycoproteins of human and animal erythrocytes.
Correct answer: Malaria- A. Chloroplast
- B. Vacuole
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Cell membrane describes the structure of the fluid mosaic model, in which fluid is a lipid bilayer and proteins float like icebergs in the…
Correct answer: Cell membrane- A. Active transport
- B. Osmosis
- C. Passive transport
- D. Diffusion
Explanation: Active transport requires energy all other do not require ATP for transport.
Correct answer: Active transport- A. 500x
- B. 250,000x
- C. 500,000x
- D. 100,000x
Explanation: An electron microscope has a magnification from 100,000x to 300,000x.
Correct answer: 250,000x- A. Structurally and functionally different
- B. Structurally different but functionally similar
- C. Structurally and functionally similar
- D. Structurally similar but functionally different
Explanation: The outer membrane is a phospholipid bilayer consisting of porins. It separates the inside organelle from the rest of the cell and…
Correct answer: Structurally and functionally different- A. Protein
- B. RNA
- C. Nucleus
- D. Nucleosome
Explanation: Proteins are synthesized by ribosomes through a process called translation.
Correct answer: Protein1230. The soluble part of cytoplasm or fluid that remains when all organelles are removed is known as:
- A. Solution
- B. Gelatin material
- C. Cytoskeleton
- D. Cytosol
Explanation: Cytosol refers to the soluble, fluid portion of the cytoplasm that remains when all organelles are removed.
Correct answer: Cytosol- A. Conducting cell
- B. Pericycle cell
- C. Photosynthetic cell
- D. All of these
Explanation: Photosynthetic cells contain chloroplasts in which chlorophyll is present.
Correct answer: Photosynthetic cell- A. Transport of material
- B. Mechanical support
- C. Synthesis of conjugated molecules
- D. All of these
Explanation: ER is not involved in synthesis of conjugated molecules. Golgi apparatus does this.
Correct answer: Synthesis of conjugated molecules- A. AMP
- B. ATP
- C. ADP
- D. All of these
Explanation: "The explanation for this question will be added soon!".
Correct answer: ATP- A. symplast
- B. nucleoplasm
- C. RER
- D. SER.
Explanation: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a system of smooth membranes (i.e., membranes not having ribosomes) within the cytoplasm of plant…
Correct answer: SER.- A. A layer present between cell wall and membrane of bacteria
- B. Cell wall of bacteria
- C. Bacterial cell glycoengineered to possess N-glycosylated proteins
- D. A layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria.
Explanation: 'Glycocalyx' is a sticky, gelatinous material that collects outside the cell wall of bacteria to form an additional surface layer.
Correct answer: A layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria.- A. Chromoplast
- B. Elaioplasts
- C. Aleuroplasts
- D. Amyloplasts
Explanation: Chromoplasts are yellow or reddish in color because of the presence of carotenoid pigments. They do not contain stored food material.
Correct answer: Chromoplast- A. Ribosomes
- B. Chromosomal organization
- C. Cell wall
- D. Cell membrane
Explanation: E.coli (bacteria) is a prokaryote while Chlamydomonas (algae) is a eukaryote.
Correct answer: Cell membrane- A. Golgi complex
- B. Peroxisome
- C. Vacuole
- D. Lysosome
Explanation: While each of the membranous organelles is distinct in terms of its structure and function, many of these are considered together as an…
Correct answer: Peroxisome- A. D (outer membrane) - gives rise to inner membrane by splitting
- B. B (inner membrane) - forms infoldings called cristae
- C. C (crista) - possesses single circular DNA molecule and ribosomes
- D. A (matrix) - major site for respiratory chain enzymes
Explanation: Each mitochondrion is a double membrane bound structure with the outer membrane and the inner membrane dividing its lumen distinctly into…
Correct answer: B (inner membrane) - forms infoldings called cristae- A. Grana
- B. Pyrenoid
- C. Stroma
- D. Both grana and stroma
Explanation: Chlorophyll in chloroplasts is located in the grana. Grana are stacks of thylakoid membranes inside the chloroplasts where the…
Correct answer: Grana