Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 56 of 124
1101. _ is an amphipathic.
- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: Amphipathic means having both polar and non-polar heads. Hence, the only suitable option in this question is "plasma membrane" which is…
Correct answer: Plasma membrane- A. Cell wall
- B. Tonoplast
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Nuclear membrane
Explanation: The living part of the cell is the protoplasm (nucleus and cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane).
Correct answer: Cell wall- A. C
- B. A
- C. B
- D. D
Explanation: The function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify the materials destined to be secreted out of the cell.
Correct answer: C- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. None of these
- C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in many metabolic processes.
Correct answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- A. Nucleus
- B. Golgi complex
- C. None
- D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Lipid metabolism primarily occurs in the Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) of cells.
Correct answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Cell membrane
- B. Vacuole
- C. Cytoplasm
- D. Protoplasm
Explanation: The cell wall is synthesized and secreted by the protoplasm, which encompasses the cell's cytoplasm and nucleus.
Correct answer: Protoplasm- A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- B. Free ribosomes
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Explanation: Golgi apparatus helps in modifying, sorting, and packaging of proteins for secretion and also helps in the transportation of lipid and…
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Minerals
- B. Lipids
- C. Proteins
- D. Carbohydrates
Explanation: Myofilaments are composed of thick and thin filaments called myosin and actin respectively.
Correct answer: Proteins- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
- E. Option E
Explanation: The correct answer is Option E. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is primarily involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification…
Correct answer: Option E- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. No similar proteins
- D. 3
Explanation: Polyribosomes/Polysomes are a group of ribosomes attached to a single mRNA at several points and translate the mRNA into the same copies…
Correct answer: 3- A. Vacuole
- B. SER
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Chloroplasts
- E. RER
Explanation: Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell that provides energy in the form of ATP.
Correct answer: SER- A. Glyoxysomes
- B. None of these
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: Autophagy is the self-digestion of damaged organelles in a cell. Lysosomes, also known as ''suicide sacs'', have lytic enzymes in them…
Correct answer: Lysosomes- A. They are unable to cross the hydrophilic phosphate heads of the lipid bilayer
- B. They are unable to cross the hydrophobic tails of the lipid bilayer
- C. They are unable to cross both the phosphate heads and fatty acid chains of the lipid bilayer
- D. They are too big to cross the plasma membrane
Explanation: The plasma membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer, which is a double layer of phospholipids.
Correct answer: They are unable to cross the hydrophobic tails of the lipid bilayer- A. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- B. Cytoskeleton
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. All of these
Explanation: The correct answer is the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), which is a network of interconnected membranes involved in protein synthesis and…
Correct answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)1115. The Microscope's ability to distinguish between separate objects that are close together is called:
- A. Magnification
- B. Resolving power or resolution
- C. Contrast
- D. Scanning power
Explanation: The correct answer is resolving power or resolution. Resolution refers to a microscope's ability to distinguish between two points that…
Correct answer: Resolving power or resolution- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Nucleoplasm
- C. Protoplasm
- D. Protoplast
Explanation: Option B is correct because nucleoplasm is the soluble, gel-like substance within the nucleus, containing the chromatin and nucleolus.
Correct answer: Nucleoplasm- A. Grana
- B. Stroma
- C. Thylakoid
- D. Intergrana
Explanation: The ground mass of chloroplast is called stroma. It is the colourless proteinaceous substance which like mitochondrial matrix also…
Correct answer: Stroma- A. Glyoxysomes
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Peroxisomes
Explanation: The correct answer is Peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are organelles that contain enzymes, such as catalase, specifically involved in the…
Correct answer: Peroxisomes- A. 21
- B. 9
- C. 27
- D. 36
Explanation: The most accurate and complete description of a centriole's structure is 27 microtubules arranged in 9 triplets, making Option C the…
Correct answer: 27- A. 2.0 μm
- B. 2.0 mm
- C. 1.0 μm
- D. 0.1 mm
Explanation: Resolution refers to the ability of an imaging system to separate or distinguish between two closely spaced objects.
Correct answer: 0.1 mm