Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 47 of 124
- A. Pinocytosis
- B. Phagocytosis
- C. Transcytosis
- D. Active Transport
Explanation: Pinocytosis is the cellular process by which a cell takes in fluids along with dissolved small molecules.
Correct answer: Pinocytosis- A. Endocytosis
- B. Exocytosis
- C. Hydrolysis
- D. Autophagy
Explanation: Autophagy is a type of endocytosis that involves the engulfment and digestion of damaged or unnecessary cell parts by the cell itself.
Correct answer: Autophagy- A. Centriole
- B. Cytoskeleton
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Cytoplasm
Explanation: Centrioles assist in arranging microtubules to form the spindle fibers during chromosome segregation.
Correct answer: Centriole- A. Golgi Apparatus
- B. Endoplasmic Reticulum
- C. Lysozomes
- D. Peroxisomes
Explanation: The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, so the space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes is…
Correct answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum- A. 40S
- B. 70S
- C. 80S
- D. 60S
Explanation: All prokaryotes have the 70S (where S is the Svedberg unit used in ultracentrifugation) ribosomes while eukaryotes contain larger 80S…
Correct answer: 70S- A. Oxidative enzymes production
- B. Conversion of fatty acids to carbohydrates
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. Both "Conversion of fatty acids to carbohydrates" and "Phagocytosis"
Explanation: A lysosome is a membrane-bounded organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
Correct answer: Phagocytosis- A. Cell Membrane
- B. Mitochondria
- C. Lysosome
- D. Vacuole
Explanation: Mitochondria is an organelle that has a double membrane around it. The outer membrane surrounds the whole organelle.
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Hydrophilic
- B. Hydrophobic
- C. Light absorbing
- D. Porphyrin ring
Explanation: All of the lipid molecules in the cell membrane are amphipathic; that means that they have a hydrophillic(water-loving) or polar head and…
Correct answer: Hydrophobic- A. lonic materials
- B. Polar materials
- C. Non-polar materials
- D. Glycoproteins
Explanation: Lipids,proteins and carbohydrates are responsible for functional diversity of the membranes.
Correct answer: Non-polar materials- A. Fungal hyphae
- B. Cytoplasm/Cellulose
- C. Blood cells
- D. Lignin
Explanation: Safranin stain is usable for lignin in plant cells
Correct answer: Lignin- A. Obtuse angle
- B. Parallel angle
- C. Right angle
- D. Horizontal angle
Explanation: Cellulose fibers are responsible for strengthening of cell wall of plants.
Correct answer: Right angle- A. Chloroplast - carbon fixation
- B. Mitochondria - ATP synthesis
- C. Cell membrane - cell recognition
- D. Golgi apparatus - intracellular digestion
Explanation: Intracellular digestion is done by lysosomes and the Golgi apparatus plays an important role in lipid metabolism and modifying proteins.
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus - intracellular digestion- A. Cell wall
- B. Cell wall and vacuole
- C. Nucleolus and vacuole
- D. Cell membrane
Explanation: Plant cell walls are made largely of cellulose which forms strong, highly rigid, almost indigestible coverings that protect the cell and…
Correct answer: Cell wall- A. Nerve cell
- B. Cardiac cell
- C. Red blood cell
- D. None of above
Explanation: Red blood cells lack mitochondria and are therefore unable to carry out oxidative phosphorylation.
Correct answer: Red blood cell- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Endomembrane
- C. Plasmalemma
- D. Tonoplast
Explanation: Vacuole is single membrane bounded organelle. This single membrane around vacuole is known as tonoplast.
Correct answer: Tonoplast- A. Golgi Apparatus
- B. Lysosomes
- C. RER
- D. SER
Explanation: The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) is an organelle that has a continuous connection with the nuclear membrane in eukaryotic cells.
Correct answer: RER- A. Galactose
- B. Phospholipids
- C. Glucose
- D. Carbohydrate
Explanation: Phospholipids: This option is the correct answer. The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane states that protein molecules float in a…
Correct answer: Phospholipids938. Select the mismatch.
- A. Gas vacuoles - Green bacteria
- B. Large central vacuoles - Animal cells
- C. Protists - Eukaryotes
- D. Methanogens - Prokaryotes
Explanation: Large central vacuoles are a feature of plant cells, used for storage and maintaining cell rigidity.
Correct answer: Large central vacuoles - Animal cells- A. Ribosome
- B. Chloroplast
- C. Mitochondrion
- D. Lysosome
Explanation: The mitochondrion is called the "powerhouse of the cell" because it breaks down carbohydrates through cellular respiration and produces…
Correct answer: Mitochondrion- A. Lysosome
- B. Microbodies
- C. Ribosome
- D. Mesosome
Explanation: Lysosomes contain powerful hydrolytic enzymes used for intracellular digestion.
Correct answer: Lysosome