Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 37 of 124
- A. 2,2
- B. 2,4
- C. 4,4
- D. 4,2
Explanation: A typical non-dividing animal cell has 2 centrioles. Duplication of centrioles occurs during G2 phase so after G2 it becomes 4.
Correct answer: 4,4722. Which of the following cell organelle can be viewed with the help of a high power light microscope?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Mitochondria
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Due to the large size of chloroplast as compared to endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and ribosomes, it can be visualized easily with…
Correct answer: Mitochondria- A. Inner mitochondrial membrane
- B. Mitochondrial matrix
- C. Outer mitochondrial membrane
- D. Thylakoid membrane
Explanation: ETC occurs in inner mitochondrial membrane which provides the site for pumping of protons across it.
Correct answer: Inner mitochondrial membrane- A. Matrix
- B. F1 Particles
- C. Stroma
- D. Cristae
Explanation: All the enzymes which are involved in krebs cycle are present in matrix of mitochondria.
Correct answer: Matrix- A. RBC
- B. Muscle cell
- C. Mesophyll cell
- D. E.coli
Explanation: Mitochondria are most abundant in muscle cells because of the strenuous metabolic activities, E.coli is a prokaryotic organism and lack…
Correct answer: Muscle cell- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Chloroplast
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Two most important organelles. e.g chloroplast and mitochondria, are thought to be originated from prokaryotes and are explain with the…
Correct answer: Chloroplast- A. Carotenoids
- B. Xanthophylls
- C. Globin chains of hemoglobin
- D. Haem part of hemoglobin
Explanation: The only difference between chlorophyll and haemoglobin is that chlorophyll has Mg+4 while haem has Fe+2 as the central atom.
Correct answer: Globin chains of hemoglobin- A. CO2 fixation occurs in stroma
- B. Inter-granum is photosynthetic
- C. Chloroplasts are self-replicating
- D. Chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes
Explanation: Photosynthetic pigments are present on grana of thyllakoid, so they are site of photosynthesis.
Correct answer: Inter-granum is photosynthetic- A. Interphase
- B. Mitotic phase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Anaphase
Explanation: Nucleus and nucleolus is visible during interphase only because in mitotic phase, nuclear envelope disintegrates and mixing of nuclear…
Correct answer: Interphase- A. Formation and breakdown of nuclear envelope.
- B. Formation of centromere
- C. Formation of ribosomes
- D. Organization of spindle during nuclear division
Explanation: Nucleolus is the darkly stained area within the nucleus and without any membranous boundary to separate it from the rest of the nuclear…
Correct answer: Formation of ribosomes- A. A membrane bounded nucleus
- B. Presence of ribosomes
- C. A cell wall made up of cellulose
- D. Linear genome
Explanation: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes while membrane bound nucleus, cellulosic cell wall and linear chromosomes are found…
Correct answer: Presence of ribosomes- A. Microtubules
- B. Microfilaments
- C. Intermediate filaments
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: Microfilaments are considerably more slender cylinders made up of contractile actin protein, linked to the inner face of plasma membrane.
Correct answer: Microfilaments- A. Chloroplasts
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Leucoplasts
- D. None of these
Explanation: Chloroplasts are green in colour due to the presence of green pigment " chlorophyll".
Correct answer: Leucoplasts- A. Corn
- B. Sugarcane
- C. Frog
- D. Mouse
Explanation: Mouse has 40, corn has 20. sugarcane has 80, and frogs have 26 chromosomes in their diploid cells.
Correct answer: Frog- A. Nucleolus
- B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: The detoxification of drugs is the function of SER while protein synthesis is the function of RER.
Correct answer: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- A. Ribosome
- B. Lysosome
- C. Nucleosome
- D. Polysome
Explanation: A group of ribosomes attached to mRNA is known as polysome.
Correct answer: Polysome- A. Capsule
- B. Secondary wall
- C. Slime capsule
- D. Sacculus
Explanation: In case of bacterial cells, the entire cell wall is olien regarded as a single huge molecule or molecular complex known as sacculus.
Correct answer: Sacculus- A. Cristae
- B. Vesicle
- C. Matrix
- D. Cisternae
Explanation: Cristae are folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Correct answer: Cristae- A. Penicillium
- B. Bacterium
- C. Adiantum
- D. Polytrichum
Explanation: :Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan also called murein, which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by short…
Correct answer: Bacterium- A. Animals and Plants
- B. Animals
- C. Plants
- D. Viruses
Explanation: Plastids are present in autotrophic eukaryotes and multicellular organisms such as plants and algae.
Correct answer: Plants