Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 119 of 124
- A. DNA polymerase
- B. Salivary amylase
- C. Pancreatic amylase
- D. DNA helicase
Explanation: The correct answer is DNA helicase since it is the only one whose final destination is inside the cell.
Correct answer: DNA helicase- A. Nuclear membrane
- B. Inner mitochondrial membrane
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Plasma membrane
Explanation: Option B is correct since membranes are involved in ATP production (such as the internal membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts)…
Correct answer: Inner mitochondrial membrane- A. Endocytosis
- B. Pinocytosis
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. Exocytosis
Explanation: Hormone secretion is always done by exocytosis. All the other options are used for other various processes inside of the cell.
Correct answer: Exocytosis- A. Chloroplasts
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Leucoplasts
- D. All of them
Explanation: Option C is correct since the roots of plants contain 'leucoplast' which is colorless, plastids, and act as storage of food.Option A is…
Correct answer: Leucoplasts- A. Chloroplasts
- B. Chromoplasts
- C. Leucoplasts
- D. All of these options are correct
Explanation: c) Leucoplasts:Leucoplasts are a third type of plastid found in plant cells.
Correct answer: Leucoplasts- A. 0.5 micrometer
- B. 1.5 micrometer
- C. 2 micrometer
- D. 1 micrometer
Explanation: Correct option is A. Peroxisomes are 0.1 -- 0.5μm in diameter and are bound by single membranes that enclose dense matrices primarily…
Correct answer: 0.5 micrometer- A. Plasmid
- B. Genes
- C. Chromosomes
- D. Histone
Explanation: The cellular DNA of a bacterium is plasmid- extranuclear small double-stranded DNA molecules.
Correct answer: Plasmid- A. Chromosomes
- B. Nucleus
- C. Centrosome
- D. Mesosomes
Explanation: Mitosis cannot take place in bacteria because they lack nucleus. Nucleus consists of multiple chromosomes that replicate and result in…
Correct answer: Nucleus- A. Polysome
- B. Endosome
- C. Mesosome
- D. Centrosome
Explanation: Mesosome is a convoluted membranous structure formed in a prokaryotic cell by the invagination of the plasma membrane.
Correct answer: Mesosome- A. Flagella
- B. Capsule
- C. Pilli
- D. Mesosomes
- E. Nucleoid
Explanation: Explanation for this question will be added soon.
Correct answer: Pilli- A. Absence of membrane bound organelles
- B. Absence of nucleus
- C. Presence of 70S ribosomes
- D. All of these
Explanation: Option D is correct since a prokaryotic cell does not have membrane-bound cellular organelles and a nucleus. It contains 70S ribosomes.
Correct answer: All of these- A. 80s ribosomes
- B. Cell wall
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Golgi apparatus
Explanation: Ribosomes are used by the cells for the translation of mRNA to produce proteins.
Correct answer: Cell membrane- A. Prokaryotic cell walls contain cellulose
- B. Prokaryotic cell walls contain peptidoglycan
- C. Prokaryotic cell walls contain cutin
- D. Prokaryotic cell walls contain silica
Explanation: What distinguishes Prokaryotic cell walls from Fungal cell walls is that Prokaryotic cell walls contain peptidoglycan
Correct answer: Prokaryotic cell walls contain peptidoglycan2374. Damage to one of the following immediately kills the cell, whether it's prokaryotic or eukaryotic:
- A. Nucleus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Mitochondria
- D. All of these
Explanation: If the cell membrane is damaged, the cell will not be able to exchange material from its surroundings by diffusion or osmosis because it…
Correct answer: Cell membrane- A. Vacuole, Chloroplast, and ribosomes
- B. Chloroplasts, Microtubules, and peroxisomes
- C. Chloroplast, Cell Wall, and vacuole
- D. Chloroplast, Cell Wall, Mitochondria
Explanation: All mentioned organelles are absent in animal cells and are only present in plant cells hence this option is correct.
Correct answer: Chloroplast, Cell Wall, and vacuole- A. Proteins
- B. Cholesterols
- C. Cytoskeleton
- D. Phospholipids
Explanation: The fundamental structure of the membrane is the phospholipid bilayer, which forms a stable barrier between two aqueous compartments.
Correct answer: Phospholipids- A. Centrioles
- B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- C. Microtubules
- D. Ribosomes
Explanation: Centrioles are present in (1) animal cells and (2) the basal region of cilia and flagella in animals and lower plants (e.g.
Correct answer: Centrioles- A. Passive transport
- B. Active transport
- C. Facilitated diffusion
- D. Filtration
Explanation: Active transport requires the expenditure of energy in the form of ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from an…
Correct answer: Active transport- A. Phospholipids
- B. Globular proteins
- C. Glycolipids and glycoproteins
- D. Cholesterol
Explanation: Glycolipids and glycoproteins presence are the basic factors for differentiating cells
Correct answer: Glycolipids and glycoproteins- A. Autosome 9.
- B. Autosome 7.
- C. Autosome 1.
- D. Autosome 3.
Explanation: b) Autosome 7: This is the correct option. The genes for blue opsin (a type of photoreceptor in the eye) are located on chromosome 7…
Correct answer: Autosome 7.