Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 117 of 124
- A. Solid
- B. Semisolid
- C. Fluid
- D. Liquid
Explanation: The model suggests that phospholipids are able to diffuse in their layers and the proteins of the membrane appear to give a mosaic…
Correct answer: Semisolid- A. Active transport
- B. Passive transport
- C. Osmosis
- D. Diffusion
Explanation: Active transport is a mode of cellular transport that requires energy to move molecules or ions against their concentration gradient, from…
Correct answer: Active transport- A. Centrioles
- B. Asters
- C. Spindles
- D. Cleavage furrows
Explanation: Centrioles are not present in plant cells. Mitotic spindles are microtubule based structures that separate chromosomes during mitosis.
Correct answer: Spindles- A. 25
- B. 50
- C. 100
- D. 125
Explanation: 100 wheat grains will develop from 100 zygotes.100 zygotes mean 100 pollen and 100 eggs are required.
Correct answer: 1252325. The term bivalent means:
- A. Two chromatids
- B. Two chromosomes
- C. Six chromatids
- D. Four chromosomes
Explanation: The term bivalent refers to a specific structure that forms during meiosis, the process of cell division that produces gametes (sex…
Correct answer: Two chromosomes2326. Reduction division is:
- A. Amitosis
- B. Mitosis
- C. Meiosis I
- D. Meiosis II
Explanation: Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in the reproductive cells of eukaryotic organisms.
Correct answer: Meiosis I- A. Zygotene
- B. Pachytene
- C. Diplotene
- D. Diakinesis
Explanation: During diakinesis, the condensation of chromosomes is maximum.During this stage, the homologous chromosomes become tightly coiled and…
Correct answer: Diakinesis- A. Anaphase I
- B. Anaphase II
- C. Metaphase II
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: In anaphase II, the centromeres separate and the sister chromatids-now individual chromosomes-move toward the opposite poles of the cell.
Correct answer: Anaphase II- A. G0
- B. G1
- C. G2
- D. S
Explanation: G0 phase: This phase is a resting phase of the cell cycle. Cells in G0 are not dividing, but they are still metabolically active.
Correct answer: S- A. DNA replication
- B. Mutations
- C. Translation
- D. Transcription
Explanation: Option A: DNA replication is the process by which DNA is copied in preparation for cell division.
Correct answer: Mutations- A. 1, 2, 4, 3
- B. 2, 3, 1, 4
- C. 3, 4, 1, 2
- D. 3, 4, 2, 1
Explanation: Mitosis has four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis, a process of cell duplication, or reproduction, during…
Correct answer: 3, 4, 1, 2- A. Nerve cells
- B. Cells of cornea
- C. Cells of lens
- D. None of these
Explanation: Cells of the cornea of the eye do not enter G0 phase. Whereas, nerve cells and cells of the lens remain in G0 phase for the life span of…
Correct answer: Cells of cornea- A. X chromosomes
- B. Y chromosomes
- C. Sex chromosomes
- D. Autosomes
Explanation: Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females.
Correct answer: Autosomes2334. Except during nuclear division, the nucleus has the chromosome in a loosely coiled state known as:
- A. Genes
- B. Ribosomes
- C. DNA
- D. Chromatin
Explanation: Chromatin are loosely coiled fibres of DNA and histone proteins present in the nucleus.
Correct answer: Chromatin- A. Satellite
- B. Kinetochore
- C. Nucleolar organizer
- D. Telomeres
Explanation: A telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromatid, which protects the end of the chromosome from…
Correct answer: Telomeres2336. During meiosis, the homologous chromosomes come together and form pairs, this process is called:
- A. Linkage
- B. Synapsis
- C. Pairing
- D. Crossing over
Explanation: During meiosis, homologous chromosomes come together and form pairs through a process called "synapsis." The synapsis involves the…
Correct answer: Synapsis- A. Prophase
- B. Interphase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Telophase
Explanation: The DNA content of the cell doubles during S-phase that probably occurs during interphase of cell cycle.
Correct answer: Interphase- A. Diploid cells
- B. Polyploid cells
- C. Both A and B
- D. None of these
Explanation: In diploid and polyploid cells, more than one complete cells of chromosomes are present so homologous chromosomes can be formed.
Correct answer: Both A and B2339. Role of lysosomes are:
- A. Hydrolytic enzymes
- B. Autophagy
- C. Destruction of cell
- D. All of these options
Explanation: Lysosomes are single membranous, spherical vesicles. They contain digestive or hydrolytic enzymes that digest various substances.
Correct answer: All of these options- A. These are spherical bodies surrounded by a single membrane
- B. They are responsible for autolysis of the cells
- C. They originate from the Golgi apparatus
- D. Tay Sach's disease is caused due to excess of lysosomal enzymes
- E. They occur only in cytoplasm of animal cells
Explanation: Explanation for this question will be added soon.
Correct answer: Tay Sach's disease is caused due to excess of lysosomal enzymes