Free Biodiversity and Variety of Life MCQs with Answers

• A. Herpes simplex
• B. Influenza
• C. Polio
• D. Salmonella typhi

Explanation: Caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, which is the agent of typhoid fever.

• A. Pili
• B. Slime
• C. Capsule
• D. Flagella

Explanation: Slime is a loosely attached, easily removable layer that provides some protection but does not form a well-defined structure around the…

• A. Nucleoid
• B. Plasmids
• C. Mesosomes
• D. Nuclear region

Explanation: Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that exist independently of the chromosome and carry non-essential but often beneficial genes…

• A. Bivalent
• B. Duplicated chromosome
• C. Paired homologous chromosome
• D. Homologous and thickened chromosome

Explanation: A tetrad, formed during meiosis, consists of homologous chromosomes paired together.

• A. Nostoc
• B. Both 'E. coli' and 'Nostoc'
• C. None of the given options
• D. E. coli - Incorrect. While E. coli is Monera

Explanation: Monera includes all prokaryotic organisms, such as bacteria and cyanobacteria, making both Nostoc and E. coli members of this kingdom.

• A. Soil
• B. Ice caps
• C. Freshwater
• D. Hydrothermal vents

Explanation: Archaebacteria, such as thermophiles, thrive in extreme environments like deep-sea hydrothermal vents.

• A. RNA
• B. DNA
• C. Membrane
• D. Cell membrane

Explanation: In prokaryotes, the genetic material is not enclosed by any membrane. Unlike eukaryotes, which have a true nucleus surrounded by a nuclear…

• A. Monotrichous
• B. Amphitrichous
• C. Atrichous
• D. Peritrichous

Explanation: In atrichous bacteria, the cells do not possess flagella, so they are generally non-motile or have alternative means of movement.

• A. Flagellated bacteria can detect chemicals
• B. The flagellated bacteria moves in response to a chemical signal
• C. Help in motility
• D. On some bacteria flagella has a role in immunity

Explanation: The primary function of flagella is to provide motility for microorganisms, allowing them to move through liquid environments.

• A. They are involved in mating process
• B. They are the means of attachments of bacteria to various surfaces
• C. They are made up of protein
• D. These are present in gram positive bacteria

Explanation: These are hollow, nonhelical, filamentous appendages. Pili are smaller than flagella and are not involved in motility.

• A. Plasmid
• B. Mesosomes
• C. Protoplast
• D. Chromatin body

Explanation: In bacterial cell biology, the term "protoplast" is used to describe the entire cell minus the cell wall.

• A. Spores can be outside the vegatitive cells
• B. Spores are resistant to adverse environment
• C. Spores may be within the vegetative cells
• D. Spores can never germinate and form vegetative cells

Explanation: Bacterial spores, often referred to as endospores, are a specialized form of reproductive structure formed by certain types of bacteria…

• A. Granules
• B. Ribosomes
• C. Cysts
• D. Nucleoid

Explanation: Cysts are protective structures formed by various microorganisms, including some bacteria and protozoa, to help them survive unfavorable…

• A. Glycogen
• B. Akinetes
• C. Phycobilins
• D. Jelly like mass with numerous filaments

Explanation: Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic bacteria that possess various structures and forms.

• A. Cell wall
• B. Slime
• C. Chromatin bodies
• D. Mesosome

Explanation: The correct option is D) Mesosome. Mesosomes are usually found in bacteria.

• A. Deafness
• B. Death
• C. Allergic reactions
• D. Discoloration of teeth in young children

Explanation: Misuse of tetracycline and its related compounds can lead to the discoloration of teeth in young children.

• A. Streptococcus
• B. Sarcina
• C. Tetracoccus
• D. Staphylococcus

Explanation: When cocci are arranged irregularly, like clusters of grapes, the arrangement is called Staphylococcus.

• A. Cocci
• B. Vibrio
• C. Bacilli
• D. Spirochaete

Explanation: Bacilli is plural of bacillus which means rod shaped bacterium. Rod-shaped bacteria, also known as bacilli (singular: bacillus), are a…

• A. Diplobacillus
• B. Bacillus
• C. Streptobacillus
• D. Staphylobacillus

Explanation: It is a consequence of single division and daughter cells remain attached after division.

• A. Vibrio, curved or comma-shaped
• B. Spirochaete, curved or comma-shaped
• C. Spirillum, curved or comma-shaped
• D. Vibrio, Spirillum or Spirochaete shaped

Explanation: Spiral-shaped bacteria exist in three forms which are spirally coiled bacteria: Vibrio is a comma-shaped or curved bacterium.