The charge carries in P-type substances are:
Correct answer: C. Holes
- A. Protons
- B. Electrons
- C. Holes
- D. Negative ions
Explanation
In P-type materials, the primary charge carriers are known as "holes." These holes are essentially vacancies in the crystal lattice where an electron could exist but isn't present due to the introduction of trivalent dopants like boron, aluminum, or indium.These dopants create an excess of positive charge carriers (holes) within the material. Electrons from neighboring atoms can move into these vacancies, leaving behind more vacancies (holes), effectively allowing these "missing" electrons to act as carriers of positive charge through the material.
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A p-n junction forms when p-type and n-type semiconductor regions meet, creating a depletion layer, barrier potential and rectifying action. The work covers forward and reverse bias, junction current, diode characteristics, and how a diode converts alternating current into pulsating direct current through half-wave and full-wave rectification.
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