A drug administered orally to a dog shows reduced systemic availability because of extensive metabolism in the intestinal wall and liver before reaching the circulation. This is called what?
Correct answer: B. First-pass effect
- A. Enterohepatic recycling
- B. First-pass effect
- C. Zero-order elimination
- D. Volume displacement
Explanation
The first-pass effect is presystemic metabolism in the gut wall and liver after oral absorption, which reduces the amount reaching systemic circulation. Enterohepatic recycling occurs later when drug or metabolites are excreted in bile and reabsorbed from the intestine.
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Covers how drugs act in animals, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, routes of administration, dosage forms, adverse effects and drug interactions. Major groups include antimicrobials, antiparasitics, analgesics, anaesthetics, anti-inflammatory drugs, hormones and cardiovascular medicines, with attention to withdrawal periods and species differences.
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