Free Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology MCQs with Answers
59 Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology MCQs from Veterinary Science, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Covers the gross and microscopic structure of domestic animals, including bones, joints, muscles, organs, blood vessels and nerves. It explains how the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, nervous, endocrine and reproductive systems function, with attention to species differences and the relationship between anatomical structure and physiological processes.
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- A. Cerebellum
- B. Cerebral cortex
- C. Medulla oblongata
- D. Hypothalamus
Explanation: The cerebellum coordinates the timing and precision of voluntary movements and contributes to posture and balance.
Correct answer: Cerebellum- A. Producing digestive enzymes
- B. Storing and filtering blood
- C. Secreting thyroid hormones
- D. Absorbing intestinal glucose
Explanation: The spleen filters blood, removes aged erythrocytes, participates in immune responses, and can store blood in some species.
Correct answer: Storing and filtering blood- A. Distal convoluted tubule
- B. Thick ascending limb
- C. Proximal convoluted tubule
- D. Cortical collecting duct
Explanation: The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs large amounts of water along with solutes, so it has high baseline water permeability.
Correct answer: Proximal convoluted tubule- A. Prolactin
- B. Cortisol
- C. Follicle-stimulating hormone
- D. Oxytocin
Explanation: Oxytocin from the posterior pituitary stimulates uterine smooth muscle contraction and also supports milk let-down.
Correct answer: Oxytocin- A. Atrioventricular valves
- B. Semilunar valves
- C. Pulmonary veins
- D. Aortic branches
Explanation: Ventricular systole starts with ventricular contraction, which raises pressure and closes the atrioventricular valves.
Correct answer: Atrioventricular valves- A. Ligament
- B. Tendon
- C. Articular cartilage
- D. Joint capsule
Explanation: A tendon transmits the force of a skeletal muscle to its bony attachment.
Correct answer: Tendon- A. Ovarian medulla
- B. Graafian follicle
- C. Corpus luteum
- D. Germinal epithelium
Explanation: The corpus luteum develops from the ruptured follicle and secretes progesterone, which supports the uterine lining and pregnancy.
Correct answer: Corpus luteum- A. Arteries
- B. Arterioles
- C. Venules
- D. Capillaries
Explanation: Capillaries have thin walls that permit diffusion and filtration between blood and surrounding tissues.
Correct answer: Capillaries- A. Increased heart rate and contractility
- B. Decreased heart rate
- C. Complete atrioventricular block
- D. Reduced ventricular filling
Explanation: Sympathetic stimulation increases heart rate, conduction, and myocardial contractility, helping raise cardiac output during stress or…
Correct answer: Increased heart rate and contractility- A. Right atrium
- B. Left atrium
- C. Right ventricle
- D. Left ventricle
Explanation: The left atrium receives oxygenated blood through the pulmonary veins and passes it to the left ventricle.
Correct answer: Left atrium- A. Foramen ovale
- B. Ductus venosus
- C. Ductus arteriosus
- D. Umbilical vein
Explanation: The ductus arteriosus diverts fetal blood from the pulmonary trunk into the aorta because the fetal lungs are not yet functioning for gas…
Correct answer: Ductus arteriosus- A. Lymphocyte
- B. Eosinophil
- C. Basophil
- D. Neutrophil
Explanation: Neutrophils rapidly migrate from blood into tissues during acute bacterial inflammation and engulf pathogens.
Correct answer: Neutrophil- A. The percentage of blood volume occupied by red cells
- B. The proportion of plasma proteins
- C. The concentration of haemoglobin in each red cell
- D. The total number of white cells in blood
Explanation: Hematocrit is the fraction or percentage of whole blood volume occupied by packed erythrocytes.
Correct answer: The percentage of blood volume occupied by red cells- A. Secretion of pancreatic enzymes
- B. Sorting of ingesta and initiation of cud regurgitation
- C. Absorption of most amino acids
- D. Production of bile salts
Explanation: The reticulum works with the rumen to sort ingesta and helps move suitable material back to the mouth for rumination.
Correct answer: Sorting of ingesta and initiation of cud regurgitation- A. Zona glomerulosa
- B. Zona reticularis
- C. Zona fasciculata
- D. Adrenal medulla
Explanation: The zona fasciculata is the main cortical zone producing glucocorticoids such as cortisol.
Correct answer: Zona fasciculata56. During the rising phase of a typical mammalian neuronal action potential, which event occurs first?
- A. Chloride release from the axon
- B. Rapid potassium entry through ligand-gated channels
- C. Calcium removal from the synaptic cleft
- D. Rapid sodium entry through voltage-gated channels
Explanation: Depolarisation begins when voltage-gated sodium channels open and sodium enters the neuron down its electrochemical gradient.
Correct answer: Rapid sodium entry through voltage-gated channels- A. Oestrogen
- B. Progesterone
- C. Relaxin
- D. Oxytocin
Explanation: Oestrogen promotes female secondary sexual characteristics and contributes to reproductive tract development and behavioural changes…
Correct answer: Oestrogen- A. Peripheral vasoconstriction
- B. Peripheral vasodilation
- C. Reduced respiratory movement
- D. Increased skeletal muscle shivering
Explanation: Peripheral vasodilation increases blood flow to the skin, allowing more heat to leave the body by radiation and convection.
Correct answer: Peripheral vasodilation- A. Duodenum
- B. Jejunum
- C. Caecum
- D. Oesophagus
Explanation: The equine caecum contains a large microbial population that ferments fibre and produces volatile fatty acids for absorption.
Correct answer: Caecum