Free Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology MCQs with Answers
59 Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology MCQs from Veterinary Science, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Covers the gross and microscopic structure of domestic animals, including bones, joints, muscles, organs, blood vessels and nerves. It explains how the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, nervous, endocrine and reproductive systems function, with attention to species differences and the relationship between anatomical structure and physiological processes.
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- A. Phrenic nerve
- B. Vagus nerve
- C. Intercostal nerve
- D. Sympathetic trunk
Explanation: The phrenic nerve carries the main motor fibers to the diaphragm and is essential for inspiration.
Correct answer: Phrenic nerve- A. Rumen
- B. Omasum
- C. Reticulum
- D. Abomasum
Explanation: The omasum has many leaves that provide a large surface for absorption of water, electrolytes, and volatile fatty acids.
Correct answer: Omasum- A. Tricuspid valve
- B. Pulmonary valve
- C. Mitral valve
- D. Aortic valve
Explanation: The mitral valve, also called the bicuspid valve, separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.
Correct answer: Mitral valve- A. It stores concentrated bile
- B. It empties bile into the rumen
- C. It produces bile after feeding
- D. It is absent and bile flows continuously
Explanation: The horse lacks a gallbladder, so bile produced by the liver enters the small intestine continuously.
Correct answer: It is absent and bile flows continuously- A. Beta cells of the islets
- B. Alpha cells of the islets
- C. Acinar cells of the pancreas
- D. Delta cells of the islets
Explanation: Beta cells in the pancreatic islets release insulin, which promotes cellular glucose uptake and lowers blood glucose.
Correct answer: Beta cells of the islets- A. Calcitonin
- B. Thyroxine
- C. Parathyroid hormone
- D. Aldosterone
Explanation: Thyroid follicular cells synthesize thyroxine, or T4, and triiodothyronine, or T3, which regulate metabolic activity.
Correct answer: Thyroxine- A. A continuous plate of hyaline cartilage
- B. Direct fusion of the opposing bones
- C. A joint cavity containing synovial fluid
- D. A fixed connection by dense bone
Explanation: A synovial joint has a fluid-filled joint cavity enclosed by a capsule and lined by synovial membrane.
Correct answer: A joint cavity containing synovial fluid- A. Meningeal dura mater
- B. Arachnoid granulations
- C. Cerebral cortex
- D. Choroid plexus
Explanation: The choroid plexus within the brain ventricles produces most cerebrospinal fluid through specialized vascular epithelium.
Correct answer: Choroid plexus- A. They act as bellows for airflow
- B. They perform most oxygen diffusion
- C. They filter nitrogen from air
- D. They secrete pulmonary surfactant
Explanation: Avian air sacs function mainly as bellows that move air through the rigid lungs and help ventilate them.
Correct answer: They act as bellows for airflow30. Which part of the small intestine is the principal site of nutrient absorption in domestic mammals?
- A. Duodenum
- B. Jejunum
- C. Ileum
- D. Cecum
Explanation: The jejunum has extensive mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli and is the principal site for absorption of many digested nutrients.
Correct answer: Jejunum- A. Ventricular depolarization
- B. Atrial repolarization
- C. Atrial depolarization
- D. Ventricular repolarization
Explanation: The P wave represents the spread of electrical excitation through the atrial myocardium, causing atrial depolarization.
Correct answer: Atrial depolarization- A. Initiating atrial contraction
- B. Closing the semilunar valves
- C. Producing ventricular repolarization
- D. Delaying conduction to ventricles
Explanation: The atrioventricular node briefly delays the electrical impulse before it passes to the ventricles.
Correct answer: Delaying conduction to ventricles- A. Osteoblast
- B. Osteocyte
- C. Osteoclast
- D. Chondrocyte
Explanation: Osteoblasts synthesize osteoid and support its mineralization during bone formation.
Correct answer: Osteoblast- A. Grinding hard feed
- B. Temporary storage of feed
- C. Absorbing bile salts
- D. Producing digestive enzymes
Explanation: The crop is an enlargement of the oesophagus that temporarily stores and moistens ingested feed.
Correct answer: Temporary storage of feed- A. Pepsin
- B. Insulin
- C. Bile
- D. Surfactant
Explanation: Hepatocytes produce bile, which contains bile acids, pigments, cholesterol, and other components that support fat digestion and excretion.
Correct answer: Bile- A. Doe
- B. Bitch
- C. Queen
- D. Mare
Explanation: The mare has an epitheliochorial placenta, in which the maternal uterine epithelium remains in contact with the chorionic epithelium.
Correct answer: Mare- A. Uric acid
- B. Ammonia
- C. Urea
- D. Creatinine
Explanation: Birds are mainly uricotelic and excrete nitrogen chiefly as uric acid, which conserves water and is eliminated as a semisolid component of…
Correct answer: Uric acid- A. Phosphate buffer
- B. Bicarbonate buffer
- C. Protein-free buffer
- D. Ammonium buffer
Explanation: The carbonic acid and bicarbonate system is the major extracellular buffer of blood, and its components are regulated by the lungs and…
Correct answer: Bicarbonate buffer- A. Otolith organs
- B. Cochlear hair cells
- C. Semicircular canal receptors
- D. Retinal photoreceptors
Explanation: Hair cells in the cristae of the semicircular ducts detect angular acceleration in the vestibular system.
Correct answer: Semicircular canal receptors- A. Chief cell
- B. Enteroendocrine cell
- C. Goblet cell
- D. Parietal cell
Explanation: Parietal cells of the gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid, which creates the acidic environment needed for protein digestion and…
Correct answer: Parietal cell