Free Software Testing and Quality Assurance MCQs with Answers

• A. Fault avoidance
• B. Fault tolerance
• C. Fault detection
• D. Fault Recovery

Explanation: Controls that prevent an attack from succeeding correspond to fault avoidance, which aims to prevent faults from being introduced or…

• A. Controls that are intended to ensure that attacks are unsuccessful
• B. Controls that are intended to detect and repel attacks
• C. Controls that are intended to support recovery from problems
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Security controls can prevent attacks, detect and repel them, and support recovery after security problems.

• A. Platform-level protection
• B. Application-level protection
• C. Record-level protection
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Security can be layered at the platform, application, and record levels, so a weakness at one level does not expose the entire system.

• A. System to stop a train if it passes a red light
• B. System to indicate not returning of the library book
• C. System to shut down a reactor if temperature/pressure are too high
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: A protection system automatically prevents or limits a dangerous physical condition, as in stopping a train or shutting down a reactor.

• A. True
• B. False

Explanation: Exception handling supports fault tolerance or recovery by allowing a program to respond when an abnormal condition occurs.

• A. Check that the input does not exceed some maximum size e.g. 40 characters for a name
• B. Check that the input falls within a known range
• C. Use information about the input to check if it is reasonable rather than an extreme value
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: A range check verifies that a value lies between defined lower and upper limits, such as an age being within an allowed interval.

• A. True
• B. False

Explanation: A defined and repeatable process reduces variation in development and makes known fault-prevention and checking activities consistent.

• A. Fault Avoidance
• B. Fault detection
• C. Fault tolerance
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: Fault tolerance means the system continues to provide acceptable service even when faults remain in the delivered software.

• A. Fault Avoidance
• B. Fault detection
• C. Fault tolerance
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: Fault avoidance means organising development so faults are prevented or found and corrected before the system is delivered.

• A. Different programming languages
• B. Different design methods and tools
• C. Explicit specification of different algorithms
• D. All of the mentioned

Explanation: Software diversity reduces common-mode failures by using different languages, design approaches, tools, or algorithms.

• A. Medical Systems
• B. Power Systems
• C. Library Management
• D. Telecommunications

Explanation: Medical, power, and telecommunications systems can cause serious harm or disruption when they fail, so dependability is central to their…

• A. Loss of service
• B. Incorrect service delivery
• C. System/data corruption
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: System or data corruption occurs when a failure damages the system itself or its stored data.

• A. POFOD
• B. ROCOF
• C. AVAIL
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: ROCOF means Rate of Occurrence of Failures and gives the expected number of failures during a specified time period.

• A. Checking requirements
• B. Recovery requirements
• C. Redundancy requirements
• D. Ambiguous requirements

Explanation: Checking, recovery, and redundancy requirements are recognised functional reliability requirements.

• A. Possibility of failure of data
• B. Probability of failure of data
• C. Possibility of failure on demand
• D. Probability of failure on demand

Explanation: POFOD means Probability of Failure on Demand, a dependability measure estimating the chance that a system fails when a service request is…

• A. Human error or mistake
• B. System fault
• C. System error
• D. System failure

Explanation: A system failure is an event in which the delivered service deviates from what users expect.

• A. Loss of service
• B. Incorrect service delivery
• C. System/data corruption
• D. None of the mentioned

Explanation: When a system cannot provide any service because it is unavailable, the failure is called loss of service.

• A. Vulnerability
• B. Attack
• C. Threat
• D. Exposure

Explanation: A vulnerability is a weakness that an attacker may exploit to cause damage or loss.

• A. risk
• B. control
• C. attack
• D. asset

Explanation: Rejecting dictionary words and proper names is a security control because it reduces the likelihood of successful password-guessing…

• A. Risk
• B. Hazard probability
• C. Hazard severity
• D. Mishap

Explanation: Hazard severity measures the extent of the worst possible damage caused by a hazard.