All Free Sociology MCQs with Answers

• A. Class factor
• B. Cultural Cause
• C. Mathew effect
• D. None of these

Explanation: The Matthew effect describes the tendency for advantages, including welfare benefits and public services, to flow disproportionately to…

• A. 1000-1500 calories
• B. 1500-2000
• C. None of thesePoverty & Hunger
• D. 2000-2500

Explanation: The commonly cited general daily energy requirement for an adult man is roughly 2,000 to 2,500 calories, although actual needs vary with…

• A. Whites
• B. Pakistan /Bangladeshis
• C. Black Caribbean
• D. Indians

Explanation: In the usual UK poverty statistics used in sociology texts, Pakistani and Bangladeshi households have the highest representation in the…

• A. the culturally valued commodities and standards of living that make the poor feel relatively deprived
• B. the flow of money a person receives from their salary or wage
• C. a stock of economic resources including land shares and bank deposits
• D. the slices of the population who own differing amounts of wealth

Explanation: Assets are accumulated stocks of wealth, such as land, shares, savings and bank deposits.

• A. Absolute poverty
• B. None of these
• C. both a and b
• D. Relative poverty

Explanation: Developed countries generally measure poverty relatively, comparing resources with the prevailing living standards of the society.

• A. between countries
• B. in a county
• C. for a decade
• D. None of these

Explanation: Absolute poverty uses a fixed deprivation threshold intended to remain comparable over time and across countries.

• A. resource allocation
• B. ethnocentrism
• C. discrimination
• D. group closureAccess Government Careers

Explanation: Group closure occurs when a group maintains boundaries by restricting marriage, physical proximity or social contact with outsiders.

• A. minority groups are always non-white
• B. the minority group is disadvantaged compared to the more powerful and dominant group
• C. the minority group has a strong sense of group solidarity
• D. the minority group often experiences prejudice and discrimination

Explanation: Minority status is sociological rather than numerical or racial: a minority group is typically disadvantaged, marked by solidarity and…

• A. functionalist perspective
• B. conflict perspective
• C. interactionist perspective
• D. labeling theoryTrace Family History

Explanation: The conflict perspective examines race at the macro level and links minority exploitation to unequal economic power and ownership.

• A. racist practices found in newly emerging areas of social life such as cyberspace
• B. a post-modern deconstruction of racist ideas to reveal their lack of depth
• C. a subtler form of prejudice masked by nationalist pride
• D. an anti-fascist movement which challenges nationalist politics

Explanation: New racism is often expressed indirectly through claims about national identity, culture or immigration rather than openly biological…

• A. conflicts will be particularly likely and severe if class and ethnic cleavages coincide
• B. ethnic stratification will persist as long as it is in the best interests of those in power
• C. if ethnic stratification continues in a society conflict will decrease as people are socialized into the stratification system
• D. none of the above

Explanation: Both perspectives recognise that ethnic and class inequalities can reinforce one another, making conflict especially likely when the same…

• A. results in more well-defined norms and roles
• B. Underlies the development of ethnic tensions
• C. divides managerial and line workers
• D. none of the above

Explanation: A split labor market places ethnic or racial groups in competition under unequal wage and employment conditions, creating divisions that…

• A. Conflict promotes group formation and cohesion
• B. Conflict may function as a safety valve for society by enabling hostilities to be channelled toward permissible targets known as permissible targets known as scapegoats
• C. Conflict attributable to ethnic stratification problems may reach an unacceptable frequency and intensity
• D. A multiplicity of conflicts between large numbers of differing groups within a society may be conducive to a democratic as opposed to a totalitarian society

Explanation: The first three describe possible integrative or stabilising functions of conflict, including cohesion, scapegoating and support for…

• A. does not include environmental racism
• B. occurs because equality of opportunity causes equality of outcome
• C. occurs in part when gatekeepers admit others like themselves to positions of privilege prestige and power
• D. none of the above

Explanation: Institutional discrimination can occur when organisational rules or gatekeepers reproduce privilege, including by selecting people similar…

• A. can also be termed racial reconciliation
• B. is a reflection of whites concern that further reductions in racial inequality will result in loss of the special status that whites in the United States have enjoyed over the years
• C. is the same as traditional racial prejudice
• D. has no impact on whites racial policy attitudes

Explanation: Symbolic racism is a contemporary, indirect form of racial prejudice that often appears as opposition to further equality measures and…

• A. All other forms of stratification grow out of racial and ethnic stratification
• B. Racial and ethnic stratification is harder to eliminate than are other forms of stratification
• C. Racial and ethnic groups often have the potential for carving out their own independent nations from the existing state
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Unlike many stratification systems, racial and ethnic divisions may involve claims to territory and the formation of a separate nation or…

• A. occupy a small territory
• B. are based solely on nationality
• C. are groups identified on cultural grounds
• D. unlike racial groups are socially constructed

Explanation: An ethnic group is identified through shared cultural features such as language, religion, ancestry, customs or historical experience.

• A. diaspora
• B. globalization
• C. colonialism
• D. migration

Explanation: A diaspora is the dispersal of a people from an original homeland to other regions, often through forced displacement.

• A. classic
• B. guest worker
• C. colonial
• D. illegal

Explanation: The guest-worker model admits migrants temporarily to fill labour needs, generally without granting full citizenship or permanent…

• A. ethnocentrism
• B. conflict theories
• C. critical race theory
• D. primordialism

Explanation: Critical race theory treats racism as embedded in ordinary institutions and everyday social practices rather than as an unusual departure…