All Free Sociology MCQs with Answers

• A. agrarian societies
• B. pastoral societies
• C. hunter-gatherer societies
• D. industrial societies

Explanation: For most of human history, people lived in small, mobile hunter-gatherer communities that relied on wild plants and animals. Agrarian, pastoral and industrial societies emerged later and occupied much shorter periods.

• A. an increase in the birth rate
• B. an increase in the death rate
• C. an exponential growth in population
• D. a change in the ratio of births to deaths

Explanation: The demographic transition is the long-term shift from high birth and death rates to lower rates as societies develop, so it concerns changing birth-to-death relationships. It is not simply an increase in either births, deaths or population.

• A. fertility
• B. fecundity
• C. femininity
• D. facticity

Explanation: Fecundity means the biological capacity to reproduce or bear children, whereas fertility refers to actual reproductive performance or births. Femininity and facticity are unrelated terms here.

• A. a young population
• B. good healthcare system
• C. education
• D. careful policy planning

Explanation: Buiter linked economic catch-up mainly to a young population, education and careful policy planning. A good healthcare system may support development, but it is not identified here as one of his key catch-up factors.

• A. Brazil
• B. South Korea
• C. Taiwan
• D. Hungary

Explanation: Brazil, South Korea and Taiwan are standard examples of newly industrializing economies. Hungary is not usually included in the conventional list used in this classification.

• A. agrarian society
• B. ancient society
• C. industrial society
• D. pastoral society

Explanation: Industrial society is a modern social form based on mechanised production, wage labour and urbanisation. Agrarian, ancient and pastoral societies predate modern industrial society and are therefore treated as pre-modern forms.

• A. regionalization is occurring not globalization
• B. economic globalization is occurring not political globalization
• C. trading blocs are effective not a global economy
• D. national governments are most significant not international institutionsTry Prep Courses

Explanation: Sceptics commonly stress regionalization, the strength of trading blocs and the continuing importance of national governments. The claim that economic globalization is occurring without political globalization is not usually listed as their core argument, making it the exception.

• A. developing countries
• B. peripheral countries
• C. globalizing countries
• D. newly industrializing countriesTrace Family History

Explanation: Newly industrializing countries are former Third World societies that have developed substantial industrial production and manufacturing sectors. Developing countries is a broader category and does not specifically indicate this industrial shift.

• A. 771 million to 7.1 billion
• B. 1.65 billion to 7.1 billion
• C. 771 million to 8.2 billion
• D. 1.65 million to 8.2 billion

Explanation: The global population was about 771 million around 1750 and reached approximately 7.1 billion by 2013. The other figures either use the wrong starting population or refer to a later projected total.

• A. deceleration
• B. diversification
• C. globalization
• D. feminization

Explanation: Castles and Miller identify globalization, acceleration, diversification and feminization as major migration tendencies. Deceleration is not part of this standard list, since migration has generally expanded and intensified.