Free Nuclear Physics MCQs with Answers
1,254 Nuclear Physics MCQs from Physics, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Atomic nuclei contain protons and neutrons, with nuclear size, mass defect and binding energy describing their stability. The work covers alpha, beta and gamma decay, decay equations, half-life and decay rate, along with radiation safety and medical applications such as imaging, radiotherapy and tracers.
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- A. mineral
- B. chemical
- C. radioactive
- D. all of these
Explanation: One of the most widely known radiometric dating techniques, radiocarbon dating measures the decay of the radioactive isotope Carbon-14…
Correct answer: radioactive- A. Gain energy
- B. Lose energy
- C. Lose protons
- D. Gain protons
Explanation: Radioactive decay results when an element changes to another element by changes within the atom's nucleus.
Correct answer: Lose energy- A. Nucleons
- B. Neutrons
- C. Protons
- D. Neutrons and protons
Explanation: Isotopes are the elements having same atomic number or charge number but different mass number.
Correct answer: Protons- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: Number of neutrons= Mass number - charge number Number of neutrons = 235 - 92 = 143 Number of protons = number of electrons = 92 So, the…
Correct answer: Option B- A. 11 electrons, 11 protons and 13 neutrons
- B. 12 protons and 12 neutrons
- C. 11 electrons, 13 protons and 11 neutrons
- D. 11 protons and 13 electrons
Explanation: Atomic mass 24 is of Magnessium. It has 12 atomic charge , which means 12 protons and atomic mass 24.
Correct answer: 12 protons and 12 neutrons- A. Two extra protons and two extra electrons
- B. Two extra neutrons and no extra electrons
- C. Two extra protons but no extra electrons
- D. Two extra neutrons and two extra electrons
Explanation: Isotopes have same number of electrons and protons but different number of neutrons due to different mass number.
Correct answer: Two extra neutrons and no extra electrons- A. 126 C and 146 C
- B. 614 C and 714N
- C. 42 He and 31H
- D. Both A and C
Explanation: Isobars have different atomic number but same atomic mass. This option clearly shows elements having same atomic mass but different atomic…
Correct answer: 614 C and 714N- A. 10- 12m
- B. 10-10m
- C. 10-11m
- D. 10-14m
Explanation: Diameter of nucleus is approximately 10-14m. This is a fact to be memorized.
Correct answer: 10-14m- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: Option A is correct because alpha particles have high ionization power but low penetrating power which represents P.
Correct answer: Option A- A. 14
- B. 10
- C. 12
- D. 16
Explanation: On the left-hand side of the reaction, we have the sum of the mass numbers of the reactants: Mass number before the reaction = 9 (mass…
Correct answer: 12- A. Z = N
- B. Z < N
- C. Z > N
- D. Z + N = A
Explanation: The explanation of this is given below: In heavy elements, such as those with higher atomic numbers (larger Z values), the balance between…
Correct answer: Z < N- A. N = A - Z:
- B. N = A + Z:
- C. N = A x Z:
- D. N = ½ A + Z
Explanation: The number of neutrons is equal to the mass number (A) minus the atomic number (Z)In summary, the correct option is **a.
Correct answer: N = A - Z:- A. 23 years
- B. 1000 years
- C. 1200 years
- D. 5730 years
Explanation: The explanation is given below: The half-life of Carbon-14 (^(14)C) is approximately 5,730 years.
Correct answer: 5730 years- A. 10 days
- B. 15 days
- C. 3 days
- D. 5 days
Explanation: The half-life of a radioactive substance can be determined based on the time it takes for the activity (or the number of radioactive…
Correct answer: 5 days- A. 1/32
- B. 1/16
- C. 1/8
- D. 1/4
Explanation: The explanation is given below: To find the fraction of the original radioactive isotope of nitrogen (N) remaining after 32.5 seconds, we…
Correct answer: 1/32- A. 9 years
- B. 8 years
- C. 6 years
- D. 24 years
Explanation: The number of atoms of a radioactive substance decreases by half after each half-life.
Correct answer: 9 years- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for the number of radioactive atoms to decrease to half of its original…
Correct answer: Option B- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: The half-life of a radioactive material is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
Correct answer: Option B- A. 500, 125
- B. 125,500
- C. 103, 103
- D. 100, 10
Explanation: The decay rate at t=0 is 1000Hz. at t=1=1000/21 =500/sec. at t=3=1000/23 =125/sec.
Correct answer: 500, 125- A. 8,900 years
- B. 6,476 years
- C. 7,000 years
- D. 2,520 years
Explanation: The half-life of a radioactive element is given by the following formula: T1/2 = ln(2) / λ where T1/2 is the half-life, ln(2) is the…
Correct answer: 6,476 years