Free Nuclear Physics MCQs with Answers
1,254 Nuclear Physics MCQs from Physics, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Atomic nuclei contain protons and neutrons, with nuclear size, mass defect and binding energy describing their stability. The work covers alpha, beta and gamma decay, decay equations, half-life and decay rate, along with radiation safety and medical applications such as imaging, radiotherapy and tracers.
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1,254 questions · page 40 of 63
- A. Z = 70, A = 220
- B. Z = 78, A = 212
- C. Z = 82, A = 212
- D. Z = 82, A = 208
Explanation: Z = 82, A = 208: This option suggests that during the decay of the radioactive isotope 232 90X, six α-particles and four β-particles are…
Correct answer: Z = 82, A = 208- A. α-particles
- B. β-particles
- C. γ-rays
- D. Neutrons
Explanation: γ-rays: γ-rays are high-energy photons emitted during radioactive decay or nuclear reactions.
Correct answer: γ-rays- A. Double
- B. Half
- C. (Half)2
- D. (Double)2
Explanation: Half: This is the correct answer. According to the equation of continuity (A1v1 = A2v2), if the velocity of the fluid at one end is…
Correct answer: Half- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
Explanation: Beta-particles produced 'two or three absolutely straight thread-like lines' from the direction of an impure radium salt source.
Correct answer: B- A. +e
- B. -e
- C. -2e
- D. +2e
Explanation: Alpha particles are emitted during the process of alpha decay, which is a type of radioactive decay.
Correct answer: +2e- A. -4
- B. -1
- C. -2
- D. -3
Explanation: An alpha particle is a helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons which means it has a mass number of 4.
Correct answer: -4- A. Sievert
- B. Gray
- C. Roentgen
- D. Curie
Explanation: Absorbed dose is a measure of the amount of energy deposited in a material by ionizing radiation per unit mass.
Correct answer: Gray- A. α is charged particle
- B. α is neutral particle
- C. α is heavier particle
- D. α is lighter particle
Explanation: In a magnetic or electric field, deviation occurs to the charge of a particle and how much a particle deviates depends on the mass of a…
Correct answer: α is heavier particle- A. Blood cancer
- B. Bone cancer
- C. Lung tumour
- D. Thyroid cancer
Explanation: Thyroid glands absorb nearly all of the iodine in your body. Because of this, radioactive iodine 'I-131' can be used to treat thyroid…
Correct answer: Thyroid cancer- A. A increases by 1 and Z remains same
- B. Z increases by 1 and A remains same
- C. Z decreases by 1 and A remains same
- D. A decreases by 1 and Z remains same
Explanation: When a beta particle is emitted, a neutron in the nucleus is converted into a proton, which increases the atomic number Z by 1.
Correct answer: Z increases by 1 and A remains same- A. Equal to alpha and beta particle
- B. Less than alpha but greater than beta particles
- C. Less than both alpha and beta particles
- D. Less than beta but greater than alpha particles
Explanation: Ionizing capability is the strongest in alpha particles then beta particles and weakest in gamma rays.
Correct answer: Less than both alpha and beta particles- A. Inversely proportional to square of decay constant
- B. Directly proportional to square of decay constant
- C. Directly proportional to decay constant
- D. Inversely proportional to decay constant
Explanation: Formula for half life is T= 0.693/λ, so half life in inversely proportional to decay constant.
Correct answer: Inversely proportional to decay constant- A. Beta particles
- B. Alpha particles
- C. Gamma particles
- D. X-rays
Explanation: The change of a neutron to a proton, is accompanied by the emission of a particle with negative electric charge, namely an electron which…
Correct answer: Beta particles- A. Beta
- B. Alpha
- C. Gamma rays
- D. One alpha and one beta
Explanation: Alpha particle has mass of 4 amu. And the mass number is reduced by 4 amu (from 226 to 222) hence indicating an alpha particle was emitted.
Correct answer: Alpha- A. Energy must be quadrated
- B. Energy must be halved
- C. Energy must be raised four times
- D. Energy must be doubled
Explanation: According to formula D=E/m, if the dose needs to be doubled the energy must be doubled.
Correct answer: Energy must be doubled- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
- D. D
Explanation: In beta decay, one of the neutrons in the nucleus suddenly changes into a proton, causing an increase in the atomic number of an element…
Correct answer: C- A. 90
- B. 92
- C. 89
- D. 88
Explanation: Alpha decay causes a decrease in atomic number by 2 and mass number by 4.
Correct answer: 92- A. 'Z' decreases by 4 and 'A' decreases by 2
- B. 'Z' decreases by 2 and 'A' decreases by 4
- C. 'Z' decreases by 4 and 'A' decreases by 8
- D. 'Z' decreases by 8 and 'A' decreases by 4
Explanation: Alpha particle has 2 neutrons and 2 protons, thus alpha decay causes. the decrease of mass number by 4 and proton number by 2.
Correct answer: 'Z' decreases by 4 and 'A' decreases by 8- A. Increases by 3
- B. Decreases by 3
- C. Increases by 5
- D. Decreases by 5
Explanation: The atomic number decreases by two during an alpha-decay and increases by 1 during beta-decay.
Correct answer: Decreases by 3- A. 200 Gy
- B. 102 Gy
- C. 50 Gy
- D. 98 Gy
Explanation: Radioactive energy absorbed per kg is called an absorbed dose(D).Absorbed dose=Energy/MassD=100/2=50Gy
Correct answer: 50 Gy