Free Nuclear Physics MCQs with Answers
1,254 Nuclear Physics MCQs from Physics, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Atomic nuclei contain protons and neutrons, with nuclear size, mass defect and binding energy describing their stability. The work covers alpha, beta and gamma decay, decay equations, half-life and decay rate, along with radiation safety and medical applications such as imaging, radiotherapy and tracers.
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- A. One unit ... one unit
- B. Two units ... four units
- C. Two units ... three unit
- D. Two units ... two units
Explanation: Alpha particles are made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Alpha emission results in mass number to reduce by 4 and atomic number to reduce by…
Correct answer: Two units ... four units- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option D
Explanation: The answer to this question is A because first off we can rule out option D because it says energy conserved which is not true energy is…
Correct answer: Option A- A. 400
- B. 200
- C. 50
- D. 25
Explanation: After each half-life the number of radioactive sample becomes half. First Half Life: 400->200 Second Half life: 200->100 Third Half life…
Correct answer: 50- A. Carbon
- B. 235 Uranium
- C. Thorium
- D. Iodine - 131
Explanation: Radioactive Iodine(also called RAL) can be used to treat thyroid cancer.
Correct answer: Iodine - 131- A. Mass Defect
- B. Mass Value
- C. Mass Disorder
- D. Mass Energy
- E. Mass Nucleus
Explanation: Mass defect: When we measure the nuclear masses and compare them with the masses of constituent nucleus in free states, the mass of the…
Correct answer: Mass Defect- A. Alpha rays
- B. Beta rays
- C. Gamma rays
- D. Electromagnetic rays
- E. Ultraviolet rays
Explanation: Gamma rays are very high-energy electromagnetic radiations of extremely short wavelength emitted from the nuclei of radioactive atoms.
Correct answer: Gamma rays- A. Beta particle
- B. Gamma ray
- C. Neutron
- D. Proton
Explanation: An alpha particle have : Mass: 4 times the mass of proton, =6.68×10^-27 kg, so that means, mass of protons is ¼ times of that of an alpha…
Correct answer: Proton- A. Photon
- B. Proton
- C. Positron
- D. Nucleon
Explanation: The positron or antielectron is the antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron.
Correct answer: Positron569. When describing the isotopes of the same element, the most accurate statement is that they have:
- A. the same spin
- B. the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers
- C. the same atomic number but different atomic masses
- D. the same chemical properties and therefore can not be separated
- E. a coexistence limit, that is, no element can have more than three isotopes
Explanation: Those elements that have the same atomic number but a different mass number are referred to as isotopes.
Correct answer: the same atomic number but different atomic masses- A. Mass Only
- B. Energy Only
- C. Momentum Only
- D. Mass-Energy and Momentum
Explanation: In a nuclear reaction, the total (relativistic) energy is conserved. It means that mass, energy and momentum all are conserved.
Correct answer: Mass-Energy and Momentum- A. Hydrogen
- B. Deuteron
- C. Tritium
- D. Helium
Explanation: Tritium is the only radioactive isotope of hydrogen and the other two have stable nuclei.
Correct answer: Tritium- A. a neutron
- B. a proton
- C. an electron
- D. a positron
Explanation: An unstable atomic nucleus with an excess of neutrons may undergo β− decay, where a neutron is converted into a proton and electron.
Correct answer: an electron- A. Inner atomic shells
- B. Outer atomic shells
- C. Innermost atomic shell
- D. Nucleus
Explanation: The beta particle, which may be either negatively charged (negatrons) or positively charged (positrons), originates from the nucleus of an…
Correct answer: Nucleus- A. Increase its atomic number by 1 and decreases mass number by 2
- B. Increases its atomic number by 2 and decreases mass number by 2
- C. Decreases its atomic number by 1 and decreases mass number by 2
- D. Decreases its atomic number by 2 and decreases mass number by 4
Explanation: The alpha particle comprises of 2 neutrons and 2 protons so when an atom releases an alpha particle, it observes a drop in the atomic…
Correct answer: Decreases its atomic number by 2 and decreases mass number by 4- A. One unit ; one unit
- B. One unit ; no units
- C. No units ; one unit
- D. No units ; no units
Explanation: Option A: This option is incorrect. When a beta particle is emitted, the atomic number of the atom changes by one unit, but the mass…
Correct answer: One unit ; no units- A. Hydrogen
- B. Deuterium
- C. Tritium
- D. Helium
- E. Lithium
Explanation: Option A: Hydrogen is the simplest element in the periodic table. It has one proton and no neutrons.
Correct answer: Helium- A. None
- B. 25 kg
- C. 50 kg
- D. 75 kg
Explanation: The chemical has a half life of 5 years, so in 10 years time 2 half lives will have elapsed.
Correct answer: 25 kg- A. When it is heated.
- B. When it is subjected to high pressure.
- C. When it interacts with another particle.
- D. Spontaneously.
Explanation: The Alpha, Beta, and Gamma radiations are emitted from radioactive substances spontaneously i.e the process is random.
Correct answer: Spontaneously.- A. Radioactive rays
- B. Isotopes
- C. Alpha particles
- D. Beta particles
Explanation: Isotopes of the same element will have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Correct answer: Isotopes- A. 1
- B. 7
- C. 3
- D. 4
- E. 12
Explanation: The atomic number (Z) is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom i.e. 3 in the case of lithium.
Correct answer: 3