Free Endocrine Drugs MCQs with Answers

• A. Propylthiouracil
• B. Dexamethasone
• C. Propranolol
• D. Aspirin

Explanation: Aspirin is avoided in thyroid storm because salicylates can displace thyroid hormones from plasma proteins and increase free hormone…

• A. Hypothyroidism
• B. Obesity
• C. Hypotension
• D. Tremors

Explanation: Excessive suppression of thyroid hormone synthesis by antithyroid drugs can produce hypothyroidism, often with weight gain and other…

• A. UV light helps in formation
• B. Increased parathyroid hormone secretion is seen in renal failure
• C. Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalcitenol occurs in kidney
• D. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol is used in treatment of renal failure

Explanation: Renal failure reduces conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, causing secondary hyperparathyroidism…

• A. Medroxyprogesterone
• B. Norethindrone
• C. Gestodene
• D. Levonorgestrel

Explanation: Gestodene is a relatively low-androgenic progestin and has little adverse effect on the lipid profile compared with more androgenic…

• A. 5 alpha reductase inhibitor
• B. PDE inhibitor
• C. Alpha blocker
• D. Androgen receptor blocker

Explanation: Finasteride inhibits type II 5-alpha-reductase, reducing conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

• A. Streptomycin
• B. Hamycin
• C. Neomycin
• D. Gentamicin

Explanation: Streptomycin, neomycin and gentamicin are aminoglycosides that can activate the calcium-sensing receptor as type I calcimimetics.

• A. Acute hepatic necrosis
• B. Discoloration/ staining of hard structures of foetus
• C. Increased intracranial pressure in infant
• D. All of the above

Explanation: Tetracyclines cross the placenta and bind fetal calcium, causing discoloration of developing teeth and inhibition of bone growth.

• A. Antidiuretic
• B. Antianabolic
• C. Anti-infective
• D. Anti-inflammatory

Explanation: Glucocorticoids principally suppress inflammatory mediator formation, leukocyte activity and vascular permeability, making their key…

• A. Activating receptors on beta cells of pancreas to release insulin
• B. Inhibiting gluconeogenesis in liver
• C. Enhancing insulin mediated post receptor enzyme reaction
• D. Decreasing Glucose absorption from the qut

Explanation: Sulphonylureas close ATP-sensitive potassium channels in pancreatic beta cells, increase insulin release and improve some insulin-mediated…

• A. B-blocker
• B. Glucocorticoids
• C. Acetylcholine
• D. a-blockers

Explanation: Glucocorticoids raise blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and causing insulin resistance.

• A. Warfarin
• B. Insultin
• C. Glibeneclamide
• D. Gluengon

Explanation: Glibenclamide, also called glyburide, is an oral sulfonylurea that lowers blood glucose by stimulating pancreatic beta cells to release…

• A. It is taken orally
• B. It is used in type-I diabetes mellitus
• C. It causes alcohol intolerance
• D. It acts on pancreas to stimulate release of insulin

Explanation: Tolbutamide is an oral sulfonylurea for type 2 diabetes and stimulates insulin release from functioning pancreatic beta cells; it can also…

• A. Inhibits cellular respiration in mitochondria
• B. Excreted unchanged in urine
• C. Reduce hepatic glucose production
• D. Used in decompensated heart failure

Explanation: Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys, partly by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I.

• A. Insulin
• B. Estrogen
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Glucocorticoid

Explanation: Insulin acts through a cell-surface receptor with intrinsic tyrosine-kinase activity rather than a nuclear transcription factor.

• A. Glyburide
• B. Repaglinide
• C. Tolbutamide
• D. Biguanide

Explanation: Biguanides such as metformin lower glucose mainly by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and improving insulin sensitivity, without…

• A. Chlorpropamide
• B. Glibenclamide
• C. Glicazide
• D. Glipizide

Explanation: Chlorpropamide is an antidiabetic sulfonylurea that can also reduce excessive urine production in some patients with central diabetes…

• A. Hydrocortisone
• B. Spironolactone
• C. Dexamethsone
• D. Fludrocortisone

Explanation: Fludrocortisone is a synthetic corticosteroid designed to produce predominantly mineralocorticoid effects, especially sodium retention and…

• A. Cortisol
• B. Cortisone
• C. Dexamethsone
• D. Aldosterone

Explanation: Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid and is not an endogenous adrenal cortical hormone.

• A. Focus of action
• B. Onset and duration of action
• C. Mode of biotransformation
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Insulin preparations mainly differ in their onset, peak effect and duration, which depend on formulation and absorption characteristics.

• A. Hepatic necrosis
• B. Permanent sterility
• C. Thromboembolic disorders
• D. Cancer of breast

Explanation: The major serious complication associated with combined oral contraceptives is thromboembolic disease, promoted particularly by the…