All Free Pathology MCQs with Answers
Every Pathology question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
289 questions · page 1 of 15
- A. Dysplasia
- B. Anaplasia
- C. Normal histologyTry Prep Courses
- D. Metaplasia
Explanation: Replacement of the normal stratified squamous epithelium of the lower oesophagus by columnar epithelium is Barrett metaplasia.
Correct answer: Metaplasia- A. There are many cyclin inhibitors which prevent cell to enter into S phase in adult
- B. Phosphatase absent in fetal cells
- C. Proteinase is absent in fetus
- D. Absence of CD kinase
Explanation: Terminal differentiation commonly places adult cells in a stable G0 state through cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors that block…
Correct answer: There are many cyclin inhibitors which prevent cell to enter into S phase in adult- A. Pyknosis
- B. Karyorhexis
- C. Karyolysis
- D. None
Explanation: Karyolysis is the fading and disappearance of nuclear chromatin due to enzymatic DNA degradation in necrotic cells.
Correct answer: Karyolysis- A. Lipochrome
- B. Wear and tear pigment
- C. Aging pigment
- D. All of the aboveConsult Online Doctors
Explanation: Lipofuscin is a yellow-brown, insoluble residual pigment formed from lipid-containing cellular debris.
Correct answer: All of the aboveConsult Online Doctors- A. Labile cells
- B. Permanent cells
- C. Stable cells
- D. None of the aboveAccess Clinical Journals
Explanation: Labile cells continuously enter the cell cycle and retain the ability to proliferate throughout life, as seen in surface epithelia and…
Correct answer: Labile cells- A. M phase
- B. G1 phase
- C. S phase
- D. G2 phaseOrder DNA Kits
Explanation: The G1 phase contains the restriction point, where the cell commits to DNA replication and entry into the cycle or exits into G0.
Correct answer: G1 phase- A. Go - M - G2 - S - G1
- B. Go - G1 - G2 - S - M
- C. Go - G1 - S - G2 - M
- D. Go - G1 - S - M - G2
Explanation: The standard sequence is G1 growth, S-phase DNA synthesis, G2 preparation, and M-phase mitosis; nondividing cells may reside in G0 before…
Correct answer: Go - G1 - S - G2 - M- A. Smooth muscle cells
- B. Endotheilial cells
- C. Bone marrow cells
- D. Neurons
Explanation: Neurons are permanent cells that generally do not re-enter the cell cycle or undergo mitotic division after maturation.
Correct answer: Neurons- A. Mitosis - M phase
- B. Synthesis - S phase
- C. Gap - G1 phase
- D. Gap - G2 phase
Explanation: DNA replication occurs during the S, or synthesis, phase of the cell cycle.
Correct answer: Synthesis - S phase- A. Hypertrophy
- B. Atrophy
- C. Hyperplasia
- D. Metaplasia
Explanation: Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells caused by increased cellular proliferation.
Correct answer: Hyperplasia- A. Dysplasia
- B. Aplasia
- C. Anaplasia
- D. Metaplasia
Explanation: Metaplasia is a reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another, producing a change in the tissue’s structure and function.
Correct answer: Metaplasia- A. Both of the above
- B. Hypertrophy
- C. Hyperplasia
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The pregnant uterus enlarges through both hypertrophy of existing smooth-muscle cells and hyperplasia by formation of additional cells.
Correct answer: Both of the above13. All of the following statements are true regarding reversible cell injury, except______________?
- A. Diminished generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- B. Formation of amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matix
- C. Formation of blebs in the plasma membrane
- D. Detachment of ribosomes from the granular endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matrix indicate severe mitochondrial damage and are a feature of irreversible cell injury.
Correct answer: Formation of amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matix- A. Differentiation
- B. Hyperplasia
- C. Hypodontia
- D. Hypertrophy
Explanation: Hypertrophy means enlargement of individual cells, causing an organ to increase in size. Hyperplasia instead increases the number of cells.
Correct answer: Hypertrophy- A. Karyolysis
- B. Karyorrhexis
- C. Pyknosis
- D. Cytolysis
Explanation: Karyolysis is the fading and dissolution of nuclear chromatin caused by DNA degradation during necrosis.
Correct answer: Karyolysis- A. Liquefactive necrosis
- B. Coagulative necrosis
- C. Chronic inflammation
- D. Scar tissue
Explanation: Most infarcts are caused by ischaemia and show coagulative necrosis, with preservation of the basic tissue outline for some time.
Correct answer: Coagulative necrosis- A. G1
- B. S
- C. G2
- D. M
Explanation: DNA replication occurs during the S, or synthesis, phase of the cell cycle.
Correct answer: S- A. Nuclear basophilia
- B. Nucleus disintegration
- C. Nuclear shrinkage
- D. Nucleolus disintegration
Explanation: Pyknosis is the irreversible condensation and shrinkage of the nucleus, producing a small, intensely basophilic nuclear mass.
Correct answer: Nuclear shrinkage- A. None of the above
- B. Irreversible injury
- C. Both A and B
- D. Reversible injury
Explanation: Cellular swelling and fatty change are early, potentially reversible responses to injury, provided the damaging stimulus is removed.
Correct answer: Reversible injury- A. Hypoparathyroidism
- B. Hypercalcemia
- C. Vitamin D deficiency
- D. All of the above
Explanation: Metastatic calcification occurs in otherwise viable tissues when the serum calcium-phosphate balance is increased, most commonly due to…
Correct answer: Hypercalcemia