All Free Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing MCQs with Answers

• A. Ampulla of the uterine tube
• B. Cervix of the uterus
• C. Endometrium of the uterus
• D. Vagina near the cervix

Explanation: Fertilization usually occurs in the ampulla, the wider part of the uterine tube.

• A. Follicle-stimulating hormone
• B. Luteinizing hormone
• C. Oestrogen from the corpus luteum
• D. Progesterone from the follicle

Explanation: A mid-cycle surge of luteinizing hormone causes rupture of the mature ovarian follicle and ovulation.

• A. It stimulates sperm production in the testes
• B. It prepares and maintains the endometrium
• C. It causes development of the ovarian follicle
• D. It produces the mid-cycle ovulatory surge

Explanation: Progesterone from the corpus luteum changes the endometrium into a secretory lining suitable for implantation and helps maintain it.

• A. Seminiferous tubules of the testes
• B. Epididymis beside each testis
• C. Prostate gland below the bladder
• D. Vas deferens within the spermatic cord

Explanation: Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The epididymis stores and supports maturation of sperm, whereas the…

• A. Seminal vesicle
• B. Seminiferous tubule
• C. Epididymis
• D. Vas deferens

Explanation: The seminal vesicles are accessory glands that add fructose-rich fluid to semen.

• A. Testosterone
• B. Progesterone
• C. Follicle-stimulating hormone
• D. Human chorionic gonadotropin

Explanation: Leydig cells, also called interstitial cells, produce testosterone in response to luteinizing hormone.

• A. Spermatogenesis produces four functional gametes from one primary cell
• B. Oogenesis produces four equal-sized ova from one primary oocyte
• C. Spermatogenesis begins before birth and stops at puberty
• D. Oogenesis continues continuously throughout adult life

Explanation: One primary spermatocyte can produce four functional sperm cells after meiosis.

• A. Growth of a dominant ovarian follicle
• B. Formation of the corpus luteum
• C. Degeneration of the endometrium
• D. Release of progesterone from the placenta

Explanation: The follicular phase includes growth and maturation of a dominant ovarian follicle before ovulation.

• A. Trophoblastic tissue begins producing human chorionic gonadotropin
• B. The anterior pituitary releases a large amount of progesterone
• C. The ovarian follicle releases a second mature oocyte
• D. The uterus immediately begins regular menstrual bleeding

Explanation: After implantation, trophoblastic tissue produces human chorionic gonadotropin, which supports the corpus luteum and its progesterone…

• A. It is where sperm mature and are stored
• B. It is where testosterone is mainly produced
• C. It is where semen is mixed with prostatic fluid
• D. It is where sperm are formed from primary oocytes

Explanation: The epididymis is a coiled duct on the testis where sperm mature, gain motility, and are temporarily stored.

• A. Follicle-stimulating hormone
• B. Luteinizing hormone
• C. Progesterone
• D. Human chorionic gonadotropin

Explanation: Follicle-stimulating hormone, or FSH, promotes the growth of ovarian follicles and supports oestrogen production.

• A. Functional layer of the endometrium
• B. Basal layer of the endometrium
• C. Myometrium of the uterus
• D. Perimetrium of the uterus

Explanation: The functional layer of the endometrium thickens during the cycle and is shed when hormone levels fall.

• A. Fallopian tube
• B. Cervical canal
• C. Vaginal canal
• D. Urethral canal

Explanation: The fertilized ovum travels through the fallopian tube toward the uterine cavity.

• A. It rebuilds and thickens the endometrium
• B. It maintains the uterine lining after ovulation
• C. It causes milk production after childbirth
• D. It prevents follicle development in the ovary

Explanation: Oestrogen produced by developing ovarian follicles stimulates proliferation and thickening of the endometrium.

• A. Primary oocytes are formed before birth
• B. New primary oocytes are formed throughout adult life
• C. Oogenesis normally produces four mature ova from one primary oocyte
• D. Oogenesis begins only after the first menstrual period

Explanation: Most primary oocytes are formed during fetal life and remain arrested until reproductive maturity.

• A. The lining of the uterine body
• B. The muscular wall of the uterus
• C. The inner surface of the ovary
• D. The lining of the urinary bladder

Explanation: Normal implantation occurs in the endometrium, usually in the upper part of the uterine body.

• A. Ovary
• B. Uterus
• C. Fallopian tube
• D. Vagina

Explanation: The ovary is the female gonad because it produces ova and secretes reproductive hormones.

• A. It degenerates and hormone levels fall
• B. It enlarges and produces human chorionic gonadotropin
• C. It changes into a mature ovarian follicle
• D. It moves into the uterine cavity for implantation

Explanation: When pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, causing progesterone and oestrogen levels to fall.

• A. Seminal vesicle
• B. Prostate gland
• C. Bulbourethral gland
• D. Thyroid gland

Explanation: The seminal vesicles contribute fluid containing fructose, which supplies energy for sperm movement.

• A. It stimulates testosterone release from Leydig cells
• B. It supports sperm production through Sertoli cells
• C. It causes ejaculation by contracting the vas deferens
• D. It promotes prostate growth after puberty

Explanation: FSH acts mainly on Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules and supports spermatogenesis.