All Free Medical Surgical Nursing MCQs with Answers

• A. Eye opening, verbal response and motor response
• B. Pupil size, limb power and reflex response
• C. Blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory pattern
• D. Memory, concentration and cranial nerve function

Explanation: The Glasgow Coma Scale measures eye opening, verbal response and motor response.

• A. Battle sign indicating a basilar skull fracture
• B. Mastoid tenderness indicating a middle-ear infection
• C. Periorbital oedema indicating an allergic reaction
• D. Neck stiffness indicating a cervical muscle strain

Explanation: Battle sign is bruising over the mastoid area and may indicate a basilar skull fracture.

• A. I will stop the medicine when I feel seizure-free
• B. I will take the medicine regularly as prescribed
• C. I will double the next dose after missing one dose
• D. I will discontinue treatment when mild nausea develops

Explanation: Antiseizure medicines should be taken regularly and must not be stopped suddenly because abrupt withdrawal can trigger seizures or status…

• A. Provide a quiet, dimly lit room and limit unnecessary stimulation
• B. Keep the room brightly lit to assess pupil responses frequently
• C. Encourage vigorous activity to prevent complications of immobility
• D. Apply a warm compress over the eyes to relieve meningeal irritation

Explanation: Meningeal inflammation commonly causes headache and sensitivity to light, so reducing noise and light promotes comfort.

• A. Logroll the patient while maintaining spinal alignment
• B. Pull the patient by the arms while keeping the legs straight
• C. Ask the patient to twist the trunk during the turn
• D. Raise the head of the bed and allow the patient to turn alone

Explanation: Logrolling keeps the head, neck and trunk aligned and reduces twisting of the injured spine.

• A. Take each dose at consistent times as prescribed
• B. Stop each dose when involuntary movements first appear
• C. Take extra doses before walking to prevent all symptoms
• D. Change the dose independently when symptoms fluctuate

Explanation: Consistent timing helps maintain therapeutic control of Parkinson symptoms and prevents avoidable fluctuations.

• A. Neurological deficits appear, improve partly or fully, and recur later
• B. Neurological deficits steadily worsen without periods of improvement
• C. Neurological deficits occur only during bacterial infections
• D. Neurological deficits resolve permanently after one acute episode

Explanation: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis has episodes of new or worsening neurological deficits followed by periods of partial or complete…

• A. Decorticate posturing suggesting serious brain dysfunction
• B. Decerebrate posturing suggesting isolated peripheral nerve damage
• C. Flaccid paralysis suggesting an uncomplicated muscle injury
• D. Typical flexor withdrawal suggesting normal protective movement

Explanation: Flexion of the arms with extension of the legs is decorticate posturing and indicates severe dysfunction above the brainstem.

• A. Measure the bladder volume with a portable bladder scanner
• B. Offer large amounts of oral fluid before checking the bladder
• C. Insert an indwelling catheter without assessing the cause
• D. Apply pressure over the lower abdomen to express urine

Explanation: A bladder scanner helps identify urinary retention without immediately using an invasive procedure.

• A. Use short sentences and allow adequate time for a response
• B. Speak loudly and repeat the same question without pausing
• C. Complete every sentence to avoid causing communication stress
• D. Ask several questions together so the patient can answer quickly

Explanation: Short, simple sentences and sufficient response time support communication while preserving the patient's independence.

• A. It is usually surrounded by a clear capsule
• B. It remains localized at its original site
• C. It can invade tissues and spread to distant sites
• D. It grows slowly without affecting nearby structures

Explanation: Malignant tumours invade surrounding tissues and may metastasize through lymphatic or blood vessels.

• A. The T category
• B. The N category
• C. The M category
• D. The G category

Explanation: The N category describes regional lymph node involvement. T describes the primary tumour, while M describes distant metastasis; G refers…

• A. Slow the infusion and apply gentle pressure
• B. Stop the infusion and leave the cannula in place
• C. Remove the cannula and flush the site with saline
• D. Apply a warm compress and continue the infusion

Explanation: These findings suggest extravasation of a vesicant drug. Stop the infusion immediately, leave the cannula in place to aspirate residual…

• A. Offer oral fluids and reassess after one hour
• B. Place the patient in a protective environment only
• C. Notify the medical team immediately for urgent assessment
• D. Encourage walking to improve circulation and appetite

Explanation: Severe neutropenia with fever is a medical emergency because infection may progress rapidly without a strong inflammatory response.

• A. Apply perfumed lotion before every treatment session
• B. Scrub treatment marks off the skin during bathing
• C. Protect the treated skin from sunlight and friction
• D. Use a heating pad to reduce skin discomfort

Explanation: Radiated skin should be protected from sunlight, heat, adhesive materials and friction.

• A. Use a soft toothbrush and rinse with saline regularly
• B. Use alcohol-based mouthwash after every meal
• C. Eat spicy foods to stimulate saliva production
• D. Brush the ulcers firmly to remove the damaged tissue

Explanation: Gentle oral care and regular saline or prescribed non-irritating rinses help reduce trauma and maintain mucosal hygiene.

• A. Document it as an expected mild treatment effect
• B. Administer an antidiarrhoeal without further assessment
• C. Report the symptoms promptly to the oncology team
• D. Advise the patient to continue treatment without changes

Explanation: Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause immune-mediated colitis, which may become severe and require corticosteroid treatment.

• A. Withhold the next opioid dose because dependence is possible
• B. Assess the pain and administer prescribed rescue analgesia
• C. Tell the patient that severe pain is expected in advanced cancer
• D. Wait until the next scheduled dose before reassessing

Explanation: The nurse should assess the pain, including its site, character and associated symptoms, then give prescribed breakthrough analgesia and…

• A. I will eat large meals when nausea completely stops
• B. I will take the prescribed antiemetic before nausea becomes severe
• C. I will stop drinking fluids to prevent further vomiting
• D. I will lie flat immediately after every small meal

Explanation: Antiemetics work best when taken as prescribed, often before symptoms become severe.

• A. The patient communicates by writing on a notepad
• B. The patient has mild incisional discomfort when moving
• C. The patient has increasing respiratory distress and noisy breathing
• D. The patient asks when oral fluids may be started

Explanation: Increasing respiratory distress and noisy breathing indicate a possible airway obstruction, so airway and breathing take priority.