Free Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells MCQs with Answers
80 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and complex membrane-bound organelles, whereas eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus, specialized organelles and a cytoskeleton. Comparisons include DNA organization, ribosomes, cell walls, size, division and examples such as bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, plants and animals.
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- A. Diplobacillus
- B. Sarcina
- C. Egg
- D. None of these
Explanation: A coccobacillus is an intermediate form between a coccus and a bacillus, appearing short, oval, or egg-shaped.
Correct answer: Egg- A. Escherichia coli
- B. Spirochetes
- C. Mycoplasma
- D. Epulopiscuim
Explanation: Some spirochetes are exceptionally long and may reach about 500 μm, despite being very thin spiral cells.
Correct answer: Spirochetes- A. Gram-ive bacteria
- B. Eubacteria
- C. Ancient bacteria
- D. Gram +ive bacteria
Explanation: Ancient bacteria, or archaea, represent a much smaller and more specialized group than the broad group of eubacteria in traditional…
Correct answer: Ancient bacteria- A. 0.1-600 um
- B. 100-200 nm
- C. 1.1-1.5 um (width) 2.0-6.0 um (length)
- D. 0.75-1.25 um
Explanation: E. coli is a short rod approximately 1.1-1.5 μm wide and 2.0-6.0 μm long, so option c gives the appropriate bacterial dimensions with…
Correct answer: 1.1-1.5 um (width) 2.0-6.0 um (length)- A. Cell membrane
- B. Chromatin bodies
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Capsule
Explanation: All bacteria possess a plasma membrane, genetic material in a chromatin-like nucleoid, and ribosomes, but a capsule is present only in…
Correct answer: Capsule- A. Protoctista
- B. Prokaryotae
- C. Archae
- D. None of these
Explanation: Kingdom Monera traditionally includes organisms with prokaryotic cells, so it is also called Prokaryotae in older five-kingdom…
Correct answer: Prokaryotae- A. Prokaryotae
- B. Protoctista
- C. Plantae
- D. Fungi
Explanation: Fungi have cell walls made mainly of chitin, a nitrogen-containing polysaccharide that also occurs in arthropod exoskeletons.
Correct answer: Fungi- A. Autotrophs
- B. Heterotrophs
- C. Pro-cariotique
- D. Eu-cariotique
Explanation: E. Chatton used the term prokaryotic, written in the source as 'pro-cariotique', for bacteria and blue-green algae because their cells…
Correct answer: Pro-cariotique- A. Onion
- B. Amaltas
- C. Potato
- D. Tomato
Explanation: In binomial nomenclature, Solanum is the genus and tuberosum is the species name of the potato, Solanum tuberosum.
Correct answer: Potato- A. Species
- B. Genus
- C. Family
- D. Order
Explanation: Taxonomic groups become more general in the order species, genus, family, order, class, phylum and kingdom.
Correct answer: Order- A. Onion
- B. Amaltas
- C. Potato
- D. Tomato
Explanation: Allium cepa is the binomial scientific name of the onion. The genus Allium includes onions and related plants, whereas potato is Solanum…
Correct answer: Onion- A. They can move
- B. They lack cell wall
- C. They do not have chlorophyll
- D. Both a and b
Explanation: Euglena resembles animals because it can move using a flagellum and lacks a cellulose cell wall, having a flexible pellicle instead.
Correct answer: Both a and b- A. Prokaryotae
- B. Protoctista
- C. Animalia
- D. Fungi
Explanation: Fungi use absorptive nutrition: they secrete digestive enzymes onto their food and absorb the soluble products through their hyphae.
Correct answer: Fungi- A. Carlous Linnaeus
- B. E-Chatton
- C. Robert Whittaker
- D. Lynn Margulis and Karlene Schwartz
Explanation: Robert Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom classification in 1969, separating organisms according to cell type, body organisation and mode…
Correct answer: Robert Whittaker- A. Do not have a cell wall
- B. Are heterotrophic
- C. Lack membrane bounded organelles
- D. Reproduce by binary fission
Explanation: Mycoplasmas are bacteria because they are prokaryotic cells and lack membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus and mitochondria.
Correct answer: Lack membrane bounded organelles- A. Cell nucleus
- B. DNA or RNA
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Vacuole
Explanation: All cellular organisms possess genetic material, either DNA or, in some biological systems, RNA, which stores or transmits hereditary…
Correct answer: DNA or RNA- A. Cellulose
- B. Chitin
- C. Inorganic salts silica waxes and ligin
- D. Peptidoglycan or Murein.
Explanation: Most bacterial cell walls are strengthened by peptidoglycan, also called murein, a mesh of sugars and peptide cross-links.
Correct answer: Peptidoglycan or Murein.- A. Fungi
- B. Monera
- C. Protista
- D. Non of them
Explanation: Euglena is a unicellular eukaryote with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, so it is placed in kingdom Protista.
Correct answer: Protista- A. Lipoprotein
- B. Peptidoglycan
- C. Cellulose
- D. Hemicellulose
Explanation: The Gram staining technique differentiates bacteria based on the structural differences in their cell walls.
Correct answer: Peptidoglycan- A. Plasmid
- B. Genes
- C. Chromosomes
- D. Histone
Explanation: The cellular DNA of a bacterium is plasmid- extranuclear small double-stranded DNA molecules.
Correct answer: Plasmid