Free Kingdom Fungi MCQs with Answers

81. Fungi which cause thrush in humans:

• A. Sarcomeres
• B. Candidia
• C. Lovastatin
• D. Aspergillus

Explanation: Excess growth of Candida fungus in the mouth causes a condition known as "Oral thrush" or "Oral Candidiasis".

82. Which of the following characteristics belong to mycorrhizae:

• A. Fungi and algae
• B. Alage and root
• C. Fungi and lichen
• D. Fungi and root

Explanation: Mycorrhizae is a mutual symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The fungi facilitate the uptake of phosphorus and trace metals such as zinc and copper. The plant makes organic molecules such as sugars by photosynthesis and supplies them to the fungus. It accounts for 90% of the flowering plants.

83. Alcoholic fermentation is the sole mean of respiration in:

• A. Saccharomyces
• B. Armillaria
• C. Trichonympha
• D. Balantidium

Explanation: Alcoholic fermentation occurs in yeast and plants. Alcoholic fermentation is the sole mean of respiration in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). Saccharomyces can ferment carbohydrates, breaking down glucose to form ethanol and carbon dioxide.

84. The edible part of Morchella esculanta is:

• A. Ascocarp
• B. Basidiocarp
• C. Zygocarp
• D. Pseudocarp

Explanation: The fruiting body of ascomycetes is called ascocarp. As Morchella esculenta is an edible fungus from class Ascomycota, its ascocarp part is edible.

85. Nuclear mitosis occurs in

• A. Plants
• B. Animals
• C. Fungi
• D. Monera

Explanation: Fungi are unique in that their mitosis occurs within an intact nuclear envelope, a process known as nuclear mitosis. This distinguishes them from plants and animals, where the nuclear envelope disintegrates during mitosis. Monera, on the other hand, reproduce asexually through binary fission, which is distinct from mitosis entirely.

86. Lichen is the symbiotic association of fungus with

• A. Bacteria
• B. Algae
• C. Other fungus
• D. Animals

Explanation: Symbiosis: Fungi develop symbiotic associations with other organisms e.g. Lichens and Mycorrhizae Lichen: It is a symbiotic association of a fungus with algae.

87. Mushrooms belong to:

• A. Zygomycota
• B. Ascomycota
• C. Basidiomycota
• D. Deuteromycota

Explanation: Mushrooms belong to the phylum basidiomycota as they have a stem (stipe), a cap (pileus), and gills (lamella) on the underside of the cap, hence the answer is C.

88. Which of the following is wrongly matched?

• A. Option A
• B. Option B
• C. Option C
• D. Option D

Explanation: Lipases have broad industrial uses (food, detergents, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics). The option given in (b) mismatched its function.

89. Which one of the following is common to multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and protonema of mosses?

• A. Diplontic life cycle
• B. Members of kingdom-Plantae
• C. Mode of nutrition
• D. Multiplication by fragmentation

Explanation: All three-multicellular fungi, filamentous algae, and protonema of mosses-share a common mode of nutrition, which is absorption. They absorb nutrients from their surroundings, whether from decaying organic matter or through other means. Therefore, the correct answer is c) Mode of nutrition, as all three share the common feature of obtaining nutrients through absorption.

90. Which one of the following has haplontic life cycle?

• A. Polytrichum
• B. Ustilago
• C. Wheat
• D. Funaria

Explanation: (d) : Funaria exhibits gametophytic (n) as well as sporophytic (2n) generation in its life cycle. The gametophytic generation is represented by a short lived protonema which produces spermatozoids in antheridium of male shoot and egg in archegonium of female shoot. Egg and spermatozoids are fused to form zygote. From zygote diploid sporophyte is produced. The ca psule of sporophyte produces haploid spores. Then the haploid gametophyte is produced from the haploid spores. So, the zygote is the only diploid stage in the life cycle. Hence, the life cycle is haplontic life cycle.