Free Kingdom Fungi MCQs with Answers

51. Fungi that can grow both parasitically and saprophytically:

• A. Predators
• B. Obligate Parasites
• C. Opportunistic Parasites
• D. Facultative Parasites

Explanation: Facultative parasites can survive both with and without a host.

52. "Lichens" are mutualistic and have symbiotic associations between:

• A. Fungi and Nematodes
• B. Fungi and Green Algae
• C. Fungi and roots of vascular plants
• D. Fungi and viruses
• E. Fungi and fungi

Explanation: Lichens involve fungi and green algae or cyanobacteria working together.

53. Which one of the following plays major role in the dispersal of fungi?

• A. Water
• B. Wind
• C. Food
• D. Man

Explanation: Fungi primarily rely on the wind to disperse their spores across large areas, allowing them to colonize new environments.

54. Diploid structure in fungi:

• A. Zygospore
• B. Conidia
• C. Basidiospore
• D. Ascospore

Explanation: Zygospores are diploid and form after karyogamy in Zygomycota during sexual raproduction.

55. Dikaryotic hyphae have:

• A. Two monoploid nuclei of same strain
• B. Two monoploid nuclei of different strains
• C. Two diploid nuclei
• D. One diploid and other monoploid nucleus

Explanation: In fungi "dikaryotic" refers to a stage where each hyphal cell contains two separate, genetically distinct manaploid (haploid) nuclei typically from different parental strains.

56. The oyster mushroom is a:

• A. Predator
• B. Saprophyte
• C. Parasite
• D. Photosynthetic

Explanation: The correct answer is that the oyster mushroom is a predator. It has developed a unique mechanism to capture and digest nematodes, which provides it with nitrogen that supplements its growth, making it a predator. Although many fungi are saprophytes, decomposing dead organic material the oyster mushroom specifically targets living nematodes as part of its feeding strategy. It is not a parasite, as it does not primarily rely on living hosts for nutrition, nor is it photosynthetic, as it lacks the ability to perform photosynthesis.

57. Reindeer moss is a:

• A. Bryophyte
• B. Algae
• C. Fungi
• D. Angiosperm

Explanation: Reindeer moss is actually a type of lichen, which is a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium. This places it under the classification of fungi. The name 'moss' be misleading, as it suggests a bryophyte, which is not the case here. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants, while algae diverse group of photosynthetic organisms. Angiosperms are flowering plants, which reindeer moss is not.

58. Fungi do not contain:

• A. Cell wall
• B. Hyphae
• C. Chlorophyll
• D. Mycelium
• E. Spores

Explanation: Unlike plant cells, fungal cells do not have chloroplasts or chlorophyll. Many fungi display bright colours arising from other cellular pigments, ranging from red to green to black.

59. Which of the following fungi is utilized in the baking industry?

• A. Mushrooms
• B. Yeast
• C. Bread mold
• D. Penicillium
• E. Penicillium Neomycin

Explanation: Yeast is the correct answer because it is used extensively in the baking industry for bread-making. It ferments sugars in the dough, producing carbon dioxide gas that causes the dough to rise. This process imparts a light and airy texture to the bread. Other options, such as mushrooms, bread mold, and Penicillium, are not involved in baking: mushrooms are culinary ingredients, bread mold is a spoilage organism, and Penicillium is known for antibiotic production and cheese fermentation, not baking.

60. Fungi whose growth is favored by fire is called:

• A. Pyrophilus
• B. Prodophilus
• C. Pinophilus
• D. Prephylus

Explanation: Fungi whose growth is favoured by fire are called pyrophilous (fire-loving). The answer can be determined through the root words, even if a student doesn't recall the exact term. There are no fungi named Prephylus, Prophylus or Philus. You can see examples of pyrophilous fungi in the image provided.