Free Ecosystems MCQs with Answers

21. The ability of a particular environment that can support maximum individuals is termed as

• A. Uniform distribution
• B. Clumped distribution
• C. Carrying capacity
• D. Density

Explanation: Option C is correct because carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size that a particular environment can sustainably support over time, taking into account available resources and environmental conditions. This term specifically addresses the capacity of an environment to support individuals of a given species, distinguishing it from other concepts such as distribution patterns (options A and B) and population density (option D).

22. Which of the following is not correct for food web?

• A. Start with primary consumers
• B. Formed from food chain
• C. Stable than food chain
• D. Complex than food chain

Explanation: A food web is a graphical representation of interconnected food chains. It shows the feeding relationships and energy flow between different organisms in an ecosystem. A food web starts with primary producers, such as plants, which are then consumed by primary consumers, such as herbivores. The primary consumers are then consumed by secondary consumers, such as carnivores, and so on. Therefore, the statement "Start with primary consumers" is not correct for a food web.

23. Biodiversity includes:

• A. Ecosystem and habitat diversity
• B. Species diversity and ecosystem diversity
• C. Species diversity, genetic diversity and ecosystem diversity
• D. Species diversity only

Explanation: c) Species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity:This is the correct answer. Biodiversity encompasses species diversity, which refers to the variety of different species within an ecosystem. It also includes genetic diversity, which refers to the genetic variation within a species. Additionally, biodiversity includes ecosystem diversity, which relates to the variety of ecosystems and habitats present on Earth.

24. Which of the following is the definition of the term niche?

• A. All the environmental factors that determine where an organism lives
• B. All the food webs in an ecosystem
• C. The place where an organism lives
• D. The role that a species fulfills in a community

Explanation: d) The role that a species fulfills in a community:This is the correct definition of niche. The niche of a species refers to the specific role it plays in its community, including its interactions with other species, its resource utilization, and its response to environmental conditions. It encompasses the species' habitat, feeding habits, reproductive strategies, and more.

25. A pond is an example of which ecosystem?

• A. Complete
• B. Incomplete
• C. Almost complete
• D. None of these

Explanation: Ecosystems with abiotic components, producers, consumers, and decomposers are considered as complete ecosystems. A pond fulfils the above prerequisites and hence constitutes a complete ecosystem.

26. Greenhouse gases are those that:

• A. Prevent entry of ultraviolet rays
• B. Prevent rainfall
• C. Prevent heat to escape
• D. All given options are correct

Explanation: Greenhouse gases are gases in Earth's atmosphere that trap heat. They let sunlight pass through the atmosphere, but they prevent the heat that the sunlight brings from leaving the atmosphere. The other options are incorrect. Ultraviolet rays are not prevented by greenhouse gasses, and in fact, they can be harmful to living organisms if not filtered out by the ozone layer. Greenhouse gases also do not prevent rainfall, but they can indirectly affect precipitation patterns through their impact on global temperatures and weather patterns.

27. Grassland of Argentina is:

• A. Prairies
• B. Savana
• C. Boreal
• D. Pampas

Explanation: The Pampas in Argentina are most well known for the great biodiversity in the area. Pampas is a grassland ecosystem found in South America, particularly in Argentina and Uruguay, characterized by tall grasses and a subtropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons.

28. The ecological succession starting from drylands is:

• A. Xerosere
• B. Hydrophytes
• C. Halophytes
• D. All

Explanation: Xerarch succession takes place in dry areas and the series progress from xeric to mesic conditions. In ecology, a mesic habitat is a type of habitat with a moderate or well-balanced supply of moisture.

29. Study of environmental relations is called:

• A. Physiology
• B. Pulmonology
• C. Morphology
• D. Ecology

Explanation: Option A: Physiology is the study of the functions of living organisms. It includes the study of how organisms' bodies work, how they respond to their environment, and how they reproduce. Option B: Pulmonology is the study of the lungs and the respiratory system. It includes the study of how the lungs work, how they exchange gases with the blood, and how they are affected by disease. Option C: Morphology is the study of the form and structure of living organisms. It includes the study of how organisms' bodies are shaped, how their organs are arranged, and how their tissues are organized. Option D: The study of environmental relations is called ecology. Ecology is a branch of biology that studies the interactions between living organisms and their environment. It includes the study of how organisms interact with each other, with the physical environment, and with the other living things in their environment.

30. When resources gets scarce, the population growth?

• A. Becomes fast
• B. Slows down
• C. Remains same
• D. None of these

Explanation: A decrease in the number of resources will lead to more competition between the individuals in a population and hence lead to the death of some of the weaker ones resulting in an overall 'decrease in the population growth'.