Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
Last updated
Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 73 of 124
- A. All individuals of same species
- B. All individuals of different species
- C. Few individuals of same species
- D. Few individuals of different species
Explanation: The number of chromosomes is fixed for a species and any change in it leaves drastic impact on that individual.
Correct answer: All individuals of same species- A. 23 chromosomes
- B. 46 chromosomes
- C. 8 chromosomes
- D. 48 chromosomes
Explanation: It is normal diploid number of chromosomes in human being, however gametes or germ cells being haploid contain half (23) number of…
Correct answer: 46 chromosomes- A. 46
- B. 26
- C. 48
- D. 8
Explanation: Drosophila have four pairs of chromosomes i.e. four homologous pairs of chromosomes in female Drosophila whereas three homologous pairs…
Correct answer: 8- A. 26
- B. 16
- C. 08
- D. 14
Explanation: It is normal diploid number of chromosomes in garden pea.
Correct answer: 14- A. 23 chromosomes
- B. 46 chromosomes
- C. 4 chromosomes
- D. 13 chromosomes
Explanation: This is haploid number of human chromosomes as eggs and sperms are meiotic products.
Correct answer: 23 chromosomes- A. 14
- B. 16
- C. 08
- D. 07
Explanation: Pollens or microspores are also haploid, formed by meiosis from a diploid microsporocyte or a pollen mother cell.
Correct answer: 08- A. 26
- B. 13
- C. 14
- D. 16
Explanation: Normal diploid number of chromosomes in frog is 26.
Correct answer: 13- A. Endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Chromatin network
- C. Reticular formation
- D. Microtubular network
Explanation: Endoplasmic reticulum is a source of communication between nucleus of a cell and its external environment.
Correct answer: Endoplasmic reticulum- A. Microfilaments
- B. Microtubules
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Endoplasmic reticulum being a network present all around the nucleus upto cell membrane acts like spokes of a wheel to maintain the shape…
Correct answer: Endoplasmic reticulum- A. ER with the ribosome and ER without ribosome
- B. ER with cisternae and ER without cisternae
- C. ER with enzymes and ER without enzymes
- D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum and sarcoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: ER with ribosomes are called rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) whereas ER without ribosomes is called smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).
Correct answer: ER with the ribosome and ER without ribosome- A. Golgi Apparatus
- B. Granum
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Intergranum
Explanation: A Golgi body is flattened membrane bound sac whereas a Golgi apparatus is a stack of Golgi bodies, whereas as Golgi complex is a Golgi…
Correct answer: Golgi Apparatus- A. Maturation face
- B. Cis face
- C. Forming face
- D. Proximal face
Explanation: It is also called trans face being away from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct answer: Maturation face- A. Ribosomes -› RER -› Transport Vesicles of ER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane
- B. Ribosomes -› SER -› Transport vesicles of ER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane
- C. Ribosomes -› RER -› Golgi vesicles-› Golgi apparatus -› Plasma membrane
- D. Ribosomes -› RER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane
Explanation: Raw proteins are synthesized by ribosomes on RER and then dumped into cisternae of RER.
Correct answer: Ribosomes -› RER -› Transport Vesicles of ER -› Golgi apparatus -› Golgi vesicles -› Plasma membrane- A. Forming face
- B. Inner face
- C. Trans face
- D. Distal face
Explanation: Blebs from tips of SER are actually transport vesicles of endoplasmic reticulum which coalesce together to give rise to a golgi body at…
Correct answer: Forming face- A. SER
- B. RER
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Lysosomes
Explanation: These granules are actually golgi vesicles containing digestive enzymes in inactive form, which are activated after being released into…
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. SER
- B. RER
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Mitochondria
Explanation: All finished products like conjugated molecules are synthesized in golgi apparatus after receiving their raw material from endoplasmic…
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Vesicles, rods or filaments
- B. Stellate, rods or filamentous
- C. Vesicles, star like or filamentous
- D. Round, rods or triangular
Explanation: Mitochondria may be of rod shape, vesicle shape or filamentous shape.
Correct answer: Vesicles, rods or filaments- A. Vary rarely
- B. Do not vary
- C. Vary widely
- D. Do not resemble
Explanation: Number of mitochondria depends upon the activity of the cell. Similarly shape and internal structure may also be different in different…
Correct answer: Vary widely- A. Mitochondrial cristae
- B. Mitochondrial matrix
- C. Mitochondrial stroma
- D. Mitochondrial sap
Explanation: The inner space of mitochondria within the inner membrane in which cristae lie is called matrix.
Correct answer: Mitochondrial matrix1460. The inner surface of cristae in the mitochondrial matrix has small knob like structures known as:
- A. F1 particles
- B. F0 particles
- C. Matrix
- D. F-ATPase
Explanation: These are the knob-like tips of ATP synthase (F. ATPase) embedded in the thylakoid membrane.
Correct answer: F1 particles