Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers
2,478 Cell Structure and Function MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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Read the Cell Structure and Function notesFree MDCAT chapter notes with key terms2,478 questions · page 64 of 124
- A. Perform the same function
- B. Store food materials like starch, fat and protein
- C. Occur in aerial parts
- D. Can transform from one form to another
Explanation: All the plastids have a common origin and one type of plastid can change into another.
Correct answer: Can transform from one form to another- A. Cytoplasm in controlling differentiation
- B. Nucleus in heredity
- C. Chromosomes in heredity
- D. Nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio.
Explanation: Factual Recall. Acetabularia used in Hammerling's nucleocytoplasmic experiment is unicellular uninucleate green algae.
Correct answer: Nucleus in heredity- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Endoplasmic reticulum
- C. Microfilaments
- D. Microtubules
Explanation: Factual Recall. Apparato reticolare are Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus was named after Camillo Golgi (1906) who discovered this cell…
Correct answer: Golgi apparatus- A. Nucleolus
- B. Lysosome
- C. Mitochondrion
- D. Plastid
Explanation: Factual Recall. An outer covering membrane is absent over the nucleolus.
Correct answer: Nucleolus- A. Store starch, lipids and proteins
- B. Get transformed from one type to another
- C. Perform same function
- D. Be present together.
Explanation: All the plastids have a common origin and one type of plastid can change into another. Plastids are of 2 main types, i.e.
Correct answer: Get transformed from one type to another- A. Thylakoids
- B. Mitochondrial surface
- C. Inner mitochondrial membrane
- D. Chloroplast surface
Explanation: Oxysomes or F 0- F 1 particles occur on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Correct answer: Inner mitochondrial membrane- A. Respiration
- B. Photosynthesis
- C. Protein synthesis
- D. Fat synthesis
Explanation: Factual Recall. Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in ribosome.
Correct answer: Protein synthesis- A. Electromagnetic lenses
- B. Very low wavelength of electron beam
- C. Low wavelength of light source used
- D. High numerical aperture of glass lenses used.
Explanation: Factual Recall. Microscopes are used for studying cellular structures. They are used to magnify small objects.
Correct answer: Very low wavelength of electron beam- A. Deposition
- B. Apposition
- C. Intussusception
- D. Aggregation
Explanation: Addition of new cell wall particles amongst the existing ones is known as intussusception.
Correct answer: Intussusception- A. Danielli and Davson
- B. Singer and Nicolson
- C. Garner and Allard
- D. Watson and Crick.
Explanation: Factual Recall. According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure proposed by Singer and Nicolson (1972) plasma membrane…
Correct answer: Singer and Nicolson- A. Enhance color contrast in an image
- B. Distinguish between two close objects
- C. Distinguish amongst organelles
- D. Magnify an image
Explanation: Resolution power is the ability to distinguish between two close objects.
Correct answer: Distinguish between two close objects- A. Cytoplasm
- B. Nucleus
- C. Rhizoid and stalk
- D. Gametes
Explanation: Factual Recall. Acetabularia used in Hammerling's nucleocytoplasmic experiment is unicellular uninucleate green algae.
Correct answer: Rhizoid and stalk- A. Lamellar model
- B. Unit membrane model
- C. Fluid mosaic model
- D. Molecular lipid model
Explanation: The fluid mosaic model is the most widely accepted and current model for the plasma membrane. In 1972, S.J. Singer and G.L.
Correct answer: Fluid mosaic model- A. Numerical aperture
- B. Focal length of objective
- C. Focal length of eye piece
- D. Tube length
Explanation: Numerical aperture (NA) is a measure of the ability of the lens in the microscope to gather light and resolve fine details of the…
Correct answer: Numerical aperture- A. Nucleoplasm
- B. Nuclear envelope
- C. Nucleolus
- D. Cytoplasm
Explanation: The cytoplasm is the region where metabolic processes like PROTEIN SYNTHESIS occur.
Correct answer: Cytoplasm- A. Ribosomes and rRNA
- B. Only rRNA
- C. Peroxisomes
- D. Several ribosomes held together by string of mRNA
Explanation: Polyribosomes, also known as polysomes, are clusters of several ribosomes bound to a single mRNA molecule.
Correct answer: Several ribosomes held together by string of mRNA- A. Proteins and carbohydrates
- B. Proteins and lipids
- C. Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates
- D. Proteins, some nucleic acids and lipids
Explanation: The plasma membrane is a dynamic and selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, and it is made up of three main types of…
Correct answer: Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates- A. Chromatography
- B. X-rays diffraction
- C. Differential centrifugation
- D. Auto-radiography
Explanation: Differential centrifugation is a widely used method for separating organelles from a cell homogenate.
Correct answer: Differential centrifugation- A. Unicellular fungus
- B. Multicellular fungus
- C. Unicellular, uninucleate green algae
- D. Unicellular multinucleate green algae
Explanation: Acetabularia is a unicellular green alga belonging to the family Polyphysaceae.
Correct answer: Unicellular, uninucleate green algae- A. Phospholipids and oligosaccharides
- B. Phospholipids and hemicellulose
- C. Phospholipids and integral proteins
- D. Phospholipids, extrinsic proteins and intrinsic proteins.
Explanation: According to the fluid mosaic model, the plasma membrane is a dynamic structure composed of phospholipids forming a lipid bilayer.
Correct answer: Phospholipids, extrinsic proteins and intrinsic proteins.