Free Cell Structure and Function MCQs with Answers

• A. They are unable to cross the hydrophilic phosphate heads of the lipid bilayer.
• B. They are unable to cross the hydrophobic tails of the lipid bilayer.
• C. They are unable to cross both the phosphate heads and fatty acid chains of the lipid bilayer.
• D. They are too big to cross the plasma membrane.

Explanation: Ions being are hydrophilic in nature and so are repelled by the hydrophobic interior of the plasma membrane which consists of hydrophobic…

• A. Transport of molecules
• B. Mechanical support
• C. Conjugated molecules synthesis
• D. All of these

Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum allows the transport of material in the cell and the synthesis of conjugated molecules (glycoproteins).

• A. Activity site
• B. Storehouse
• C. Wastes
• D. None of these

Explanation: The Answer is B "storehouse". Cytoplasm stores most of the chemical content in cells.

• A. Nucleus only
• B. Nucleolus only
• C. Nucleus and nucleolus only
• D. None of the above

Explanation: Molecules of rRNA are synthesized in a specialized region of the cell "nucleus" called the "nucleolus", which appears as a dense area…

• A. Sclerenchyma
• B. Cholenchyma
• C. Mesoderm
• D. Mesenchyme

Explanation: "Mesenchymal" stem cells are adult stem cells isolated from different sources that can differentiate into other types of cells.

• A. Active diffusion
• B. Facilitated diffusion
• C. Passive diffusion
• D. Random diffusion

Explanation: Passive diffusion, also known as simple diffusion, is a process by which molecules move across a membrane from an area of higher…

• A. Increase in saturated fatty acids in the membrane
• B. Increase in glycolipid content in the membrane
• C. Increase in phospholipid content in the membrane
• D. Increase in unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane

Explanation: The absence of double bonds decreases fluidity, making the membrane very strong and stacked tightly.

• A. Biconcave
• B. Convex
• C. Spherical
• D. Concave

Explanation: Option A: A biconcave shape refers to a structure that is concave on both sides, resembling a hollowed-out disk or lens.

• A. All sorts of vesicle formation stops
• B. All sorts of protein synthesis stops
• C. All sorts of fat synthesis stops
• D. All sorts of enzyme synthesis stops

Explanation: The Golgi apparatus is involved in the formation of various types of vesicles, including transport vesicles that carry proteins, lipids…

• A. Chloroplast
• B. Leucoplast
• C. Protoplast
• D. Chromoplast

Explanation: The protoplast refers to the living part of a plant cell, which includes the cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles such as…

• A. Ribosomes
• B. Mitochondria
• C. Lysosomes
• D. Cystoliths

Explanation: Cystoliths are non-protoplasmic cell inclusions found in certain plant cells. They are calcareous bodies composed of calcium carbonate.

• A. One which helps in assembly of spindles during mitosis
• B. One involved in internal cell motion
• C. One involved in maintenance of cell shape
• D. Both a and c

Explanation: The cytoskeletal fibre that contains tubulin protein is the one that helps in the assembling of spindle fibres during mitosis.

• A. 22
• B. 23
• C. 21
• D. 24

Explanation: The egg and sperm cells, the reproductive cells or gametes, are haploid, meaning they contain only one set of chromosomes.

• A. Microtubules
• B. Microfilaments
• C. A and B both
• D. None of these

Explanation: The cell cycle is the process by which a cell grows, duplicates its genetic material, and divides into two daughter cells.

• A. Cristae
• B. Microtubules
• C. Glyoxysome
• D. Intermediate filaments

Explanation: Intermediate filaments form an elaborate network in the cytoplasm of most cells, extending from a ring surrounding the nucleus to the…

• A. Stomach
• B. Liver
• C. Pancreatic
• D. Muscle

Explanation: Golgi complex takes part in the formation of secretory vesicles and helps in the transportation of material within or outside the cells.

• A. Chloroplast
• B. Vacuole
• C. Cell membrane
• D. Endoplasmic Reticulum

Explanation: A cell membrane is described as a fluid mosaic model. The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the cell membrane as a mosaic of…

• A. Starch
• B. Protein
• C. Lipid soluble molecules
• D. Ions

Explanation: Lipid soluble molecules can cross plasma more easily than starch, protein, and ions.

• A. They have a nitrogenous base in the head region
• B. They have fatty acids in the tail region
• C. They are amphipathic in nature
• D. They have a phosphate group in the head region

Explanation: In summary, the major reason why phospholipids are a crucial part of the lipid bilayer in plasma membranes is their amphipathic nature…

• A. Flagella
• B. Cillia
• C. Pilli
• D. All of these options are correct

Explanation: The tail of the sperm contains the flagellum that confers motility upon the sperm.