Free Biotechnology MCQs with Answers

• A. Mitochondria
• B. Plasmids
• C. Golgi bodies
• D. Lysosomes

Explanation: Plasmids are an extrachromosomal genetic element found in many bacteria and in a few eukaryotic cells.

• A. Mating of unrelated individuals of same breed.
• B. Mating of individuals of different breed
• C. Mating of individuals of different species.
• D. Mating of related individuals of same breed.

Explanation: When breeding is between animals of the same breed for 4­-6 generation, it is called inbreeding.

• A. Animals within same breed without having common ancestors
• B. Two different related species
• C. Superior males and females of different breeds.
• D. More closely related individuals within same breed for 4-6 generations.

Explanation: In interspecific hybridization, a species is mated with a different related species of the same genus.

• A. Mystus
• B. Mangur
• C. Mrigala
• D. Mackerel

Explanation: Mackerel is a marine fish, rich in omega­-3­ fatty acids. Mystus, Mangur and Mrigala are freshwater fishes.

• A. strip farming
• B. shifting agriculture
• C. ley farming
• D. contour farming.

Explanation: Ley farming is an agricultural system where the field is alternately seeded for grain and left fallow for growing hay or used for pasture.

• A. is useful in overcoming inbreeding depression
• B. exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection
• C. helps in accumulation of superior genes
• D. is useful in producing purelines of animals.

Explanation: Outbreeding is the breeding of unrelated animals, which may be between individuals of the same breed (but having no common ancestors), or…

• A. protoplast fusion
• B. embryo rescue
• C. somatic hybridisation
• D. somatic embryogenesis.

Explanation: Micropropagation is the latest method of obtaining a large number of plantlets from plant tissue culture.

• A. I AA and kinetin
• B. IAA and gibberellins
• C. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride
• D. Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate

Explanation: When a hybrid is produced by the fusion of somatic cells of two varieties or species, it is known as a somatic hybrid.

• A. PCR and RAPD
• B. Northern blotting
• C. Electrophoresis and HPLC
• D. Microscopy.

Explanation: Clonal propagation can be characterized by PCR and RAPD. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique generates microgram (ug) quantities…

• A. Apical meristem only
• B. Palisade parenchyma
• C. Both apical and axillary meristems
• D. Epidermis only

Explanation: Meristem is a localized group of cells, which are actively dividing and undifferentiated but ultimately giving rise to permanent tissue.

• A. Evaluation and selection of parents
• B. Germplasm collection
• C. Selection of superior recombinants
• D. Cross-­hybridisation among the selected parents.

Explanation: Germplasm of any crop species consists of (i) cultivated improved varieties, (ii) improved varieties that are no more in cultivation…

• A. Genetically uniform population identical to the original parent
• B. Homozygous diploid plants
• C. New species
• D. Variants through picking up somaclonal variations.

Explanation: Plant tissue culture, also called micro­ propagation, is the growth of plant cells outside the plant body in a suitable culture medium…

• A. 2, 6 dichlorophenol indophenols
• B. 2, 3, 5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
• C. DMSO
• D. Safranin

Explanation: Viability of seeds can be known by two methods: (i) ability to germinate, (ii) testing their ability to respire. All viable seeds respire.

• A. The pattern of development of a somatic embryo is comparable to that of a zygotic embryo.
• B. Somatic embryos can develop from microspores.
• C. Somatic embryo is induced usually by an auxin such as 2, 4­D.
• D. A somatic embryo develops from a somatic cell.

Explanation: Somatic embryos develop from somatic cells. Their development is comparable to that of a zygotic embryo.

• A. Somatic hybridization­-Fusion of two diverse hybridization cells
• B. Vector DNA-Site for tRNA synthesis
• C. Micropropagation­-in vitro production of plants in large numbers
• D. Callus-Unorganised mass of cells produced in tissue culture.

Explanation: Vectors are DNA molecules that can carry a foreign DNA segment and replicate inside the host cell.

• A. Bark
• B. Vascular tissue
• C. Meristem
• D. Node

Explanation: Meristem is a localized group of cells, which are actively dividing and undifferentiated but ultimately giving rise to permanent tissue.

• A. 1960's
• B. 1970's
• C. 1980's
• D. 1950's.

Explanation: The development and usage of several high yield varieties of wheat and rice, better irrigation facilities, fertilizer application, weed…

• A. Herbarium
• B. Germplasm
• C. Gene library
• D. Genome.

Explanation: The entire collection (of plants/seeds) having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called germplasm collection.

• A. Maize
• B. Rice
• C. Wheat
• D. Bajra.

Explanation: Green Revolution was one of the major tasks for agricultural scientists in India to produce sufficient food for an increasing population.

• A. Chilli
• B. Maize
• C. Sugarcane
• D. Wheat.

Explanation: 'Himgiri' is a variety of wheat. HS­-375 and HS375 are the two common varieties of Himgiri.