Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the endocrine system?
Correct answer: A. Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in trace amounts that act as intercellular messengers are known as hormones.
- A. Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in trace amounts that act as intercellular messengers are known as hormones.
- B. Inhibitory hormones are produced by the pituitary gland.
- C. Adenohypophysis is under direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus.
- D. Organs in the body like the gastrointestinal tract,heart,kidney and liver do not produce any hormones.
Explanation
Releasing and inhibiting factors are released by the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is connected to adenohypophysis by hypophysial portal vein and is connected to the neurohypophysis by axons of neurosecretory cells. Hence, neurohypophysis is directly under neural control. The cardiocytes of the atria of the heart secrete peptide hormone, called atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in response to an increased return of the deoxygenated (venous) blood. The liver produces angiotensinogen which is changed to angiotensin II by an enzyme renin secreted by juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA).
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About Coordination and Control
Coordination depends on receptors, neurons, synapses and nerve impulses, with reflex actions traced through the reflex arc and the roles of major brain regions. Chemical coordination covers endocrine glands and hormones, including how hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and internal balance, unlike rapid nervous control.
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