Free Coordination and Control MCQs with Answers
1,687 Coordination and Control MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Coordination depends on receptors, neurons, synapses and nerve impulses, with reflex actions traced through the reflex arc and the roles of major brain regions. Chemical coordination covers endocrine glands and hormones, including how hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and internal balance, unlike rapid nervous control.
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- A. Liver
- B. Pancreas
- C. Thyroid gland
- D. Adrenal gland
Explanation: Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and it lowers blood glucose.
Correct answer: Pancreas- A. cones
- B. rods
- C. ganglion cells
- D. cells of the blind spot
Explanation: Rods contain the pigment rhodopsin, which is broken down by very low light intensities, and several rods share one sensory neurone so…
Correct answer: rods- A. only rods, packed very closely
- B. no photoreceptors at all
- C. densely packed cones, each with its own connection to the optic nerve
- D. the point where the optic nerve leaves the eye
Explanation: At the fovea the cones are crowded together and each has a private line to the brain, so two nearby points of light stimulate two separate…
Correct answer: densely packed cones, each with its own connection to the optic nerve- A. detects a change in the environment and converts it into a nerve impulse
- B. carries impulses from the spinal cord to a muscle
- C. produces a hormone in response to a stimulus
- D. connects two sensory neurones together
Explanation: Receptors are transducers: each responds to one kind of stimulus, such as light, sound, pressure or a chemical, and converts that energy…
Correct answer: detects a change in the environment and converts it into a nerve impulse- A. dendrites
- B. dendrons
- C. nucleus
- D. axon
Explanation: Each neurone has one long axon that conducts the impulse away towards the next cell, and many short branched dendrites that collect…
Correct answer: axon- A. the impulse jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next
- B. myelin conducts electricity better than cytoplasm
- C. myelinated axons are always much thinner
- D. myelin increases the number of sodium channels along the whole axon
Explanation: Myelin is an insulator, so ions can cross the membrane only at the gaps between Schwann cells, and depolarisation therefore leaps from…
Correct answer: the impulse jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next- A. the free diffusion of sodium into the cell
- B. the sodium potassium pump, which moves three sodium ions out for every two potassium ions in
- C. the opening of voltage gated sodium channels
- D. the release of neurotransmitter at the synapse
Explanation: The pump uses ATP to move more positive charge out than it brings in, and since the membrane is far more permeable to potassium, which…
Correct answer: the sodium potassium pump, which moves three sodium ions out for every two potassium ions in- A. potassium ions rushing out of the axon
- B. chloride ions entering the axon
- C. sodium ions rushing into the axon through voltage gated channels
- D. the sodium potassium pump reversing direction
Explanation: When the membrane is depolarised to threshold, voltage gated sodium channels open and sodium floods in down both its concentration and its…
Correct answer: sodium ions rushing into the axon through voltage gated channels- A. a stronger stimulus produces a larger action potential
- B. an impulse can travel in either direction along the axon
- C. every stimulus produces an impulse regardless of its strength
- D. any stimulus at or above threshold produces an action potential of the same size
Explanation: Once threshold is reached the sodium channels open fully, so the size of the spike is fixed by the ion gradients and not by how strong the…
Correct answer: any stimulus at or above threshold produces an action potential of the same size- A. cannot be stimulated again, which keeps the impulse travelling in one direction
- B. conducts impulses at double speed
- C. releases neurotransmitter continuously
- D. reverses its resting potential permanently
Explanation: For a brief interval after an action potential the sodium channels are inactivated and cannot reopen, so the region just passed cannot…
Correct answer: cannot be stimulated again, which keeps the impulse travelling in one direction- A. the postsynaptic membrane is thicker
- B. the neurotransmitter is released only from the presynaptic knob and receptors are only on the postsynaptic membrane
- C. the synaptic cleft is too wide for diffusion in the reverse direction
- D. the impulse loses all its energy at the synapse
Explanation: Vesicles of transmitter are stored on one side only and the matching receptors are on the other, so the signal cannot cross backwards even…
Correct answer: the neurotransmitter is released only from the presynaptic knob and receptors are only on the postsynaptic membrane- A. effector, motor neurone, spinal cord, sensory neurone, receptor
- B. receptor, motor neurone, spinal cord, sensory neurone, effector
- C. receptor, sensory neurone, interneurone in the spinal cord, motor neurone, effector
- D. sensory neurone, receptor, effector, motor neurone, spinal cord
Explanation: The stimulus is detected by the receptor, carried into the spinal cord by the sensory neurone through the dorsal root, passed to a relay…
Correct answer: receptor, sensory neurone, interneurone in the spinal cord, motor neurone, effector- A. the impulses travel through the cerebrum first
- B. only one neurone is involved in the whole pathway
- C. hormones carry the message directly to the muscle
- D. the response is organised in the spinal cord without waiting for the brain
Explanation: The reflex arc is completed at spinal level, so the muscle contracts before the impulses climbing to the brain arrive and the pain is…
Correct answer: the response is organised in the spinal cord without waiting for the brain- A. lies on the inside and the white matter surrounds it
- B. lies on the outside and the white matter is central
- C. is entirely absent
- D. contains only myelinated fibres
Explanation: The butterfly shaped core of grey matter contains the cell bodies and synapses, while the outer white matter is made of myelinated axons…
Correct answer: lies on the inside and the white matter surrounds it- A. cerebellum
- B. cerebrum
- C. medulla oblongata
- D. hypothalamus
Explanation: The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain, and its folded cortex carries the sensory, motor and association areas responsible…
Correct answer: cerebrum- A. loss of memory
- B. failure of breathing
- C. loss of balance and jerky, poorly coordinated movement
- D. inability to see
Explanation: The cerebellum receives information from the muscles, joints and balance organs of the ear and smooths the commands sent by the cerebrum…
Correct answer: loss of balance and jerky, poorly coordinated movement- A. cerebrum
- B. cerebellum
- C. corpus callosum
- D. medulla oblongata
Explanation: The medulla lies at the top of the spinal cord and contains the cardiac, respiratory and vasomotor centres, all of which work without…
Correct answer: medulla oblongata- A. hypothalamus
- B. cerebellum
- C. medulla oblongata
- D. occipital lobe
Explanation: The hypothalamus is the meeting point of the nervous and endocrine systems: it monitors the temperature and water potential of the blood…
Correct answer: hypothalamus- A. converting glycogen in the liver into glucose
- B. increasing the uptake of glucose by cells and its storage as glycogen in the liver and muscle
- C. increasing the excretion of glucose in the urine
- D. stopping the digestion of carbohydrate in the gut
Explanation: Insulin from the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans makes cell membranes more permeable to glucose and stimulates the enzymes that…
Correct answer: increasing the uptake of glucose by cells and its storage as glycogen in the liver and muscle- A. iodine is needed to make insulin
- B. iodine destroys the thyroid gland directly
- C. the thyroid cannot make enough thyroxine and enlarges under continued stimulation by the pituitary
- D. excess iodine accumulates in the neck
Explanation: Thyroxine contains iodine, so a shortage means output falls, and the low blood level removes the negative feedback on the pituitary, which…
Correct answer: the thyroid cannot make enough thyroxine and enlarges under continued stimulation by the pituitaryCoordination and Control MCQs: common questions
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