The figure shows the human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select the correct option.
Correct answer: C. A - Adrenal gland - located at the anterior part of the kidney. Secretes catecholamines which stimulate glycogen breakdown.
- A. C - Medulla - inner zone of the kidney containing complete nephrons
- B. D - Cortex - outer part of kidney that does not contain any part of nephrons
- C. A - Adrenal gland - located at the anterior part of the kidney. Secretes catecholamines which stimulate glycogen breakdown.
- D. B - Pelvis - broad funnel-shaped space inner to the hilum, directly connected to the loops of Henle.
Explanation
In the given figure, A is an adrenal gland which secretes two catecholamines: adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). Adrenaline increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose providing quick energy for a "fight or flight" response. B is the renal pelvis which is a sac-like cavity of the kidney leading to ureters that is not directly connected to the loop of Henle. C is the medulla, the inner region of the kidney containing loop of Henle, collecting ducts and ducts of Bellini. D is the cortex that has proximal and distal convoluted tubules and contains Malpighian corpuscles.
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Coordination depends on receptors, neurons, synapses and nerve impulses, with reflex actions traced through the reflex arc and the roles of major brain regions. Chemical coordination covers endocrine glands and hormones, including how hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and internal balance, unlike rapid nervous control.
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