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Two numbers are respectively 20% and 50% more than a third number. The ratio of the two numbers is :__________?

Correct answer: C. 4 : 5

  • A. 2 : 5
  • B. 3 : 5
  • C. 4 : 5
  • D. 6 : 7

Explanation

Let the third number be k. The two numbers are 120% of k and 150% of k, so their ratio is 1.2k:1.5k = 12:15 = 4:5. The likely mistake is choosing 2:5 by comparing the percentage increases, rather than the actual resulting numbers.

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Ratios compare quantities in the same units, while proportions state that two ratios are equal. Problems cover simplification, division in a given ratio, direct and inverse variation, scale, and missing terms, with attention to the difference between a ratio and a fraction representing part of a whole.

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