Asked in ETEA MDCAT 2011 2011Moderate

The hydrolysis of an ester proceeds most slowly under the conditions of:

Correct answer: C. neutrality

  • A. high acidity
  • B. high basicity
  • C. neutrality
  • D. high temperature

Explanation

An ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group (−OH) is replaced by an alkoxy group (−O−R). The hydrolysis of esters is catalyzed by either an acid or a base. The first step involved in this reaction is the breakage of the C=O bond . In case of an acid, the proton from the acid attacks on it and breaks it and in case of base, a hydroxide ion attacks and forms a new species. In a neutral solution, there is no species to break the bond. Thus, in a neutral solution, the hydrolysis is too slow, and as a result, it is normally avoided.

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About Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Carboxylic acid derivatives include acid halides, acid anhydrides, esters and amides, formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid. Their nomenclature, structures, preparation, hydrolysis and relative reactivity are linked through nucleophilic acyl substitution, which differs from the nucleophilic addition reactions of aldehydes and ketones.

Practise Carboxylic Acids

550 free Carboxylic Acids MCQs from Chemistry, each with the correct answer and an explanation. Unlimited attempts, no account needed.

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