The enthalpy change accompanying the gain of an electron by a neutral gaseous atom to form a negative ion is called:
Correct answer: C. Electron affinity
- A. Ionization potential
- B. Electronegativity
- C. Electron affinity
- D. Lattice energy
- E. Potential energy
Explanation
When an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom to convert it into a negative ion, the enthalpy change accompanying the process is called Electron affinity enthalpy. Ionization potential, in chemistry, is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule. Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. Lattice energy is defined as the energy required to separate a mole of an ionic solid into gaseous ions. Potential energy is energy that is stored - or conserved - in an object or substance.
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About Periodic Properties and Trends
Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.
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