Asked in Premeth Test 11 — S and P Block, D Block and Chemical Bonding (13 March 2025) 2025

Correct order of decreasing electron affinities of group VII is:

Correct answer: B. Cl > F > Br > I

  • A. F > Cl > Br > I
  • B. Cl > F > Br > I
  • C. F < Cl < Br < I
  • D. Cl < F < Br < I

Explanation

The correct order of decreasing electron affinities for Group VII (halogens) is:Cl > F > Br > IHere's why:General Trend: Electron affinity generally decreases down a group in the periodic table. This is because the atomic radius increases, and the added electron is further from the nucleus, experiencing weaker attraction. Fluorine Anomaly: Fluorine is an exception to this trend. Although it's smaller than chlorine, it has a lower electron affinity. This is attributed to the small size of the fluorine atom and its high electron density. The added electron experiences significant repulsion from the existing electrons in the small 2p subshell, making the addition of an electron less favorable than in chlorine, which has a larger 3p subshell. Therefore, chlorine has the highest electron affinity among the halogens, followed by fluorine, then bromine, and finally iodine.

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About Periodic Properties and Trends

Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.

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