Statements: Some poets are authors. All authors are philosophers. Conclusions: I. Some poets are philosophers. II. All poets are philosophers. III. Some philosophers are authors.
Correct answer: A. I and III
- A. I and III
- B. Only III
- C. Only II
- D. All
Explanation
The correct answer is Option A: I and III. From the statements, 'Some poets are authors' and 'All authors are philosophers,' we can deduce that 'Some poets are philosophers' (Conclusion I) because some poets, being authors, are included in the set of philosophers. Also, 'All authors are philosophers' implies that 'Some philosophers are authors,' making Conclusion III valid. However, Conclusion II, 'All poets are philosophers,' is incorrect because the statement only mentions 'Some poets are authors,' not all.
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About Logical Deductions
Logical deductions require conclusions to be drawn from stated facts, conditions and relationships without adding outside information. The work includes handling all, some and none statements, necessary and sufficient conditions, ordering restrictions, true or false conclusions, and the difference between what must be true and what could be true.
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