Statements: All bananas are yellow. Some yellow things are ripe. Conclusions: I. Some bananas are ripe. II. All ripe things are bananas.
Correct answer: B. None follow
- A. Only I
- B. None follow
- C. Only II
- D. Both
Explanation
The correct answer is: None follow. Conclusion I ('Some bananas are ripe') suggests that there is an overlap between bananas and ripe things, which is not necessarily true based on the statements. The statements only tell us that all bananas are yellow and some yellow things are ripe, but do not establish a direct connection between bananas and ripe things. Conclusion II ('All ripe things are bananas') is incorrect because it overgeneralizes the relationship between ripe things and bananas, which is not supported by the statements. The statements do not indicate that being ripe implies being a banana. Therefore, neither conclusion follows logically from the given statements.
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About Logical Deductions
Logical deductions require conclusions to be drawn from stated facts, conditions and relationships without adding outside information. The work includes handling all, some and none statements, necessary and sufficient conditions, ordering restrictions, true or false conclusions, and the difference between what must be true and what could be true.
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