Statements: All clouds are vapors. No vapor is solid. Conclusions: I. No cloud is solid. II. All vapors are clouds.
Correct answer: A. Only I
- A. Only I
- B. Only II
- C. Both I and II
- D. Neither I nor II
Explanation
To determine which conclusions follow, let's analyze the statements:1. 'All clouds are vapors' means every cloud is included within the set of vapors.2. 'No vapor is solid' indicates that the sets of vapors and solids do not overlap.From these statements, Conclusion I, 'No cloud is solid,' logically follows because if clouds are a subset of vapors, and vapors do not overlap with solids, then clouds cannot overlap with solids either.Conclusion II, 'All vapors are clouds,' does not follow from the given statements because it is possible for some vapors to exist outside of clouds. The statement only establishes that all clouds are part of vapors, not vice versa.Thus, the correct answer is 'Only I.'
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About Logical Deductions
Logical deductions require conclusions to be drawn from stated facts, conditions and relationships without adding outside information. The work includes handling all, some and none statements, necessary and sufficient conditions, ordering restrictions, true or false conclusions, and the difference between what must be true and what could be true.
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